---
title: anaesthetic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «anaesthetic» in the school dictionary: A medicine that stops you feeling pain, given by a doctor or dentist before an operation or treatment. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# anaesthetic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** medicine, local anaesthetic, general anaesthetic, you, dentist, She · **What happens:** stop, feel, give, numb, make, sleep · **To what, where:** you, pain, one part, whole operation, loss, anaesthetic

<!-- .vabout -->
«anaesthetic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [anaesthetic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/anaesthetic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A medicine that stops you feeling pain, given by a doctor or dentist before an operation or treatment.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:m1:1
# text = A medicine that stops you feeling pain, given by a doctor or dentist before an operation or treatment.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
7	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | a medicine | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | gerund | a medicine *not said here* | pain |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | participle | a medicine *not said here* |  |  |  | before a operation or treatment | by a doctor or dentist | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A local anaesthetic numbs only one part of the body; a general anaesthetic makes you sleep through the whole operation.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:m2:1
# text = A local anaesthetic numbs only one part of the body; a general anaesthetic makes you sleep through the whole operation.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	numbs	numb	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	xcomp	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **numb** | present | a local anaesthetic | one part of the body |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus part=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | present | a general anaesthetic |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sleep** | present | you |  |  | the whole operation |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Causing a loss of feeling: an anaesthetic cream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:m3:1
# text = Causing a loss of feeling: an anaesthetic cream.
1	Causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | gerund |  | a loss of feeling |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Causer loss=Theme cream=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dentist gave me an anaesthetic before filling my tooth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x1:1
# text = The dentist gave me an anaesthetic before filling my tooth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	filling	fill	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the dentist | a anaesthetic | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient anaesthetic=Theme |
| 2 | **fill** | gerund | the dentist *not said here* | my tooth |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was under general anaesthetic during the operation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x2:1
# text = She was under general anaesthetic during the operation.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  | general anaesthetic | during the operation |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A local anaesthetic numbed his finger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x3:1
# text = A local anaesthetic numbed his finger.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	numbed	numb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	finger	finger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **numb** | past | a local anaesthetic | anaesthetic's finger |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus finger=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When the anaesthetic wore off, my mouth felt normal again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x4:1
# text = When the anaesthetic wore off, my mouth felt normal again.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	normal	normal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear off** | past | the anaesthetic |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | past | my mouth |  |  |  |  | normal *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before anaesthetics, operations were very painful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x5:1
# text = Before anaesthetics, operations were very painful.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	anaesthetics	anaesthetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	operations	operation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	painful	painful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | anaesthetics's operations |  |  |  |  | painful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **operate** |  | anaesthetics |  |  |  |  |  | nom operation «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't eat until the anaesthetic has worn off, or you may bite your cheek.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anaesthetic:x6:1
# text = Don't eat until the anaesthetic has worn off, or you may bite your cheek.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	bite	bite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	cheek	cheek	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wear off** | present · perfect · passive |  | the anaesthetic |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |
| 3 | **bite** | may | you | your cheek |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheek=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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