---
title: anti — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «anti» in the school dictionary: Against; opposed to something ("They are anti the new road"). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# anti

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** They, word part, person, dad, I, you · **What happens:** oppose, be, mean, turn, open, anti-bullie · **To what, where:** twelve, dial, school, antibiotic, me, anti-slip mat

<!-- .vabout -->
«anti» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [anti in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/anti.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Against; opposed to something ("They are anti the new road").

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:m1:1
# text = Against; opposed to something ("They are anti the new road").
1	Against	against	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
10	anti	anti	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oppose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to something; against *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | They |  |  |  |  | anti the new road | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: prefix anti- — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A word part meaning against or opposite, as in antisocial, antibiotic, anticlockwise.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:m2:1
# text = A word part meaning against or opposite, as in antisocial, antibiotic, anticlockwise.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
4	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	antisocial	antisocial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	antibiotic	antibiotic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	anticlockwise	anticlockwise	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | gerund | a word part *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against opposite | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who is against something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:m3:1
# text = A person who is against something.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a person |  |  |  |  | against something | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dad is anti the idea of a phone before I am twelve.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x1:1
# text = My dad is anti the idea of a phone before I am twelve.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	anti	anti	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My dad |  |  |  |  | anti the idea; of a phone | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | I | twelve |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn the dial anticlockwise to open it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x2:1
# text = Turn the dial anticlockwise to open it.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dial	dial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	anticlockwise	anticlockwise	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the dial |  |  |  | anticlockwise *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dial=Theme |
| 2 | **open** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | dial |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is anti-bullying week at our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x3:1
# text = It is anti-bullying week at our school.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	anti-bullying	anti-bullie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **anti-bullie** | present · progressive | It |  |  | our school | week |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor gave me an antibiotic for the infection.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x4:1
# text = The doctor gave me an antibiotic for the infection.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	antibiotic	antibiotic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the doctor | a antibiotic | me |  |  | for the infection | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient antibiotic=Theme for infection=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the anti-slip mat in the bath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x5:1
# text = Put the anti-slip mat in the bath.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	anti-slip	anti-slip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	mat	mat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the anti-slip mat |  | the bath |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mat=Theme in bath=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antifreeze stops the water in the car from freezing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x6:1
# text = Antifreeze stops the water in the car from freezing.
1	Antifreeze	antifreeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	freezing	freezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | Antifreeze | the water |  | the car |  | from freezing | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer water=Beneficiary from freezing=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum is a bit anti fizzy drinks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x7:1
# text = Mum is a bit anti fizzy drinks.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	anti	anti	X	AFX	_	4	nmod	_	_
6	fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mum | a bit |  |  |  | anti *nmod* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shops were full of patent dragon poison and anti-dragon soap, and dragonproof curtains for the windows; and indeed, everything that could be done was done.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:anti:x8:1
# text = The shops were full of patent dragon poison and anti-dragon soap, and dragonproof curtains for the windows; and indeed, everything that could be done was done.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	patent	patent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	anti-dragon	anti-dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	dragonproof	dragonproof	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
21	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	obj	_	_
25	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the shops |  |  |  |  | of dragon poison and anti-dragon soap; full *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | could · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: that=Eventuality |
| 3 | **do** | past · passive |  | everything |  |  |  | indeed *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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