---
title: antifungal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «antifungal» in the school dictionary: Antifungal means killing or stopping the growth of fungi, such as mould or the fungus that causes athlete's foot. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# antifungal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Antifungal, fungus, fungi, medicine, doctor, Antifungal medicine · **What happens:** mean, kill, stop, cause, grow, be · **To what, where:** growth, foot, medicine, this, antifungal cream, him · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«antifungal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [antifungal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/antifungal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antifungal means killing or stopping the growth of fungi, such as mould or the fungus that causes athlete's foot.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:m1:1
# text = Antifungal means killing or stopping the growth of fungi, such as mould or the fungus that causes athlete's foot.
1	Antifungal	antifungal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	killing	kill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	stopping	stop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fungi	fungus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	mould	mould	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	fungus	fungus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	athlete	athlete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Antifungal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **kill** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **stop** | gerund |  | the growth of fungi such mould or the fungus |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality growth=Eventuality |
| 4 | **cause** | present | the fungus | athlete's foot |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition foot=Patient |
| 5 | **grow** |  | fungi such mould or the fungus |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An antifungal is a medicine or cream that does this.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:m2:1
# text = An antifungal is a medicine or cream that does this.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	antifungal	antifungal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a antifungal | a medicine or cream |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | a medicine or cream | this |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor gave him an antifungal cream for athlete's foot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x1:1
# text = The doctor gave him an antifungal cream for athlete's foot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	antifungal	antifungal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	athlete	athlete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the doctor | a antifungal cream | him *= he* |  |  | for athlete's foot | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent he=Recipient cream=Theme for foot=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antifungal medicine treats ringworm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x2:1
# text = Antifungal medicine treats ringworm.
1	Antifungal	antifungal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	treats	treat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ringworm	ringworm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **treat** | present | Antifungal medicine | ringworm |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ringworm=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some plants make antifungal chemicals to protect themselves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x3:1
# text = Some plants make antifungal chemicals to protect themselves.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	antifungal	antifungal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | some plants | antifungal chemicals |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chemical=Product |
| 2 | **protect** | to-infinitive | some plants *not said here* | chemicals *= chemical* |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bathroom paint is antifungal to stop mould.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x4:1
# text = The bathroom paint is antifungal to stop mould.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bathroom	bathroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	antifungal	antifungal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	mould	mould	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the bathroom paint |  |  |  |  | antifungal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | the bathroom paint *not said here* | mould |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality mould=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antifungals do not work on bacteria.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x5:1
# text = Antifungals do not work on bacteria.
1	Antifungals	antifungal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **work** | present · do-support | Antifungals |  |  |  |  | on bacteria | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on bacteria=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep your feet dry and use an antifungal powder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antifungal:x6:1
# text = Keep your feet dry and use an antifungal powder.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	antifungal	antifungal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | your feet |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a antifungal powder |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent powder=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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