---
title: antler — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «antler» in the school dictionary: An antler is one of the two branched, bony horns that grow on the head of a deer, elk, moose or reindeer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# antler

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** antler, two branched bony horns, Antlers, horns, Deer, moose · **What happens:** be, branch, grow, fall off, stay, have · **To what, where:** one, head, many points, antlers, wide flat antlers, fight

<!-- .vabout -->
«antler» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [antler in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/antler.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An antler is one of the two branched, bony horns that grow on the head of a deer, elk, moose or reindeer.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:m1:1
# text = An antler is one of the two branched, bony horns that grow on the head of a deer, elk, moose or reindeer.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	antler	antler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
8	branched	branch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	moose	moose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a antler | one |  |  |  | of the two branched bony horns | tree rules |
| 2 | **branch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn differ-23.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **grow** | present | the two branched bony horns |  |  | the head of a deer and elk |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on head=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antlers fall off and grow again every year, unlike horns, which stay for life.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:m2:1
# text = Antlers fall off and grow again every year, unlike horns, which stay for life.
1	Antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	unlike	unlike	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | present | Antlers |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **grow** | present | Antlers *not said here* |  |  |  | again; year | unlike horns | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stay** | present | horns |  |  |  |  | for life | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stag's antlers had many points.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x1:1
# text = The stag's antlers had many points.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stag	stag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the stag's antlers | many points |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deer shed their antlers every year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x2:1
# text = Deer shed their antlers every year.
1	Deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shed	shed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shed** | past | Deer | Deer's antlers |  |  | year |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The moose had wide, flat antlers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x3:1
# text = The moose had wide, flat antlers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	moose	moose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the moose | wide flat antlers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both male and female reindeer grow antlers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x4:1
# text = Both male and female reindeer grow antlers.
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
2	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | both male reindeer | antlers |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two stags locked antlers in a fight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x5:1
# text = Two stags locked antlers in a fight.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	stags	stag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	locked	lock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lock** | participle | Two stags *not said here* | antlers |  | a fight |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new antlers were covered in soft velvet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x6:1
# text = The new antlers were covered in soft velvet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	velvet	velvet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the new antlers |  |  |  | in soft velvet | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in velvet=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found an old antler in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x7:1
# text = We found an old antler in the woods.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	antler	antler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | a old antler |  | the woods |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The carved stags pushed out their heads, raised their antlers, and twisted their necks.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:antler:x8:1
# text = The carved stags pushed out their heads, raised their antlers, and twisted their necks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	carved	carve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	stags	stag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	twisted	twist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **push out** | participle | the carved stags *not said here* | stags's heads |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
| 3 | **raise** | past | the carved stags | stags's antlers |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Theme |
| 4 | **twist** | past | the carved stags *not said here* | stags's necks |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent neck=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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