---
title: apparatus — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «apparatus» in the school dictionary: The equipment, tools or machines used for a particular job, especially in science experiments: set up the apparatus. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# apparatus

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** science experiments, parts, We, Firefighters, you, apparatus · **What happens:** use, set up, work together, show, need, climb · **To what, where:** tools, science experiments, apparatus, diagram, beaker, PE

<!-- .vabout -->
«apparatus» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [apparatus in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/apparatus.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The equipment, tools or machines used for a particular job, especially in science experiments: set up the apparatus.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:m1:1
# text = The equipment, tools or machines used for a particular job, especially in science experiments: set up the apparatus.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	equipment	equipment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	tools	tool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	experiments	experiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
18	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | tools or machines *not said here* |  | science experiments |  | for a particular job | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **set up** | participle | science experiments *not said here* | the apparatus |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient apparatus=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: PE, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gym equipment such as benches, ropes, bars and climbing frames.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:m2:1
# text = Gym equipment such as benches, ropes, bars and climbing frames.
1	Gym	gym	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	equipment	equipment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	benches	bench	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	ropes	rope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	bars	bar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	climbing	climbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	frames	frame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A system or organisation of parts working together (formal): the body's breathing apparatus.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:m3:1
# text = A system or organisation of parts working together (formal): the body's breathing apparatus.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	breathing	breathing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work together** | gerund | parts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x1:1
# text = Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram.
1	Set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	diagram	diagram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set up** | participle |  | the apparatus |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient apparatus=Result |
| 2 | **show** | participle |  | the apparatus *not said here* |  | the diagram |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We need a beaker, a thermometer and a stand for this apparatus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x2:1
# text = We need a beaker, a thermometer and a stand for this apparatus.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	beaker	beaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	thermometer	thermometer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	stand	stand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | We | a beaker and a thermometer and a stand for this apparatus |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot beaker=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In PE we climbed on the apparatus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x3:1
# text = In PE we climbed on the apparatus.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	PE	pe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | we |  |  | PE |  | on the apparatus | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pe=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters wear breathing apparatus in smoky buildings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x4:1
# text = Firefighters wear breathing apparatus in smoky buildings.
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	smoky	smoky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Firefighters |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | gerund | Firefighters *not said here* | apparatus |  | smoky buildings |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apparatus=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the apparatus away carefully after the experiment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x5:1
# text = Put the apparatus away carefully after the experiment.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put away** | imperative | you *not said here* | the apparatus |  |  | after the experiment | away, carefully *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent apparatus=Goal |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) The apparatus was subsequently cleaned and stored.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x6:1
# text = (formal) The apparatus was subsequently cleaned and stored.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	stored	store	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | past · passive |  | the formal apparatus |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **store** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Here was all the apparatus necessary to carry on a tannery, and it belonged to the widow.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:apparatus:x7:1
# text = Here was all the apparatus necessary to carry on a tannery, and it belonged to the widow.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	apparatus	apparatus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	necessary	necessary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	tannery	tannery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	belonged	belong	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | all apparatus |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | to-infinitive | all apparatus *not said here* |  |  | a tannery |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **belong** | past | apparatus |  |  |  |  | to the widow | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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