---
title: aptitude — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aptitude» in the school dictionary: A natural ability or talent to do something well or to learn it quickly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aptitude

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, He, great aptitude, aptitude test, you, children · **What happens:** do, learn, have, show, draw, check · **To what, where:** something, talent, aptitude, great aptitude, him, chess

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«aptitude» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aptitude in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/aptitude.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A natural ability or talent to do something well or to learn it quickly.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:m1:1
# text = A natural ability or talent to do something well or to learn it quickly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	talent	talent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive |  | talent |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has an aptitude for languages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x1:1
# text = She has an aptitude for languages.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a aptitude |  |  |  | for languages | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aptitude=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He showed great aptitude for drawing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x2:1
# text = He showed great aptitude for drawing.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | He | great aptitude |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent aptitude=Recipient |
| 2 | **draw** | gerund | great aptitude *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The aptitude test checks how quickly you learn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x3:1
# text = The aptitude test checks how quickly you learn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	checks	check	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | present | the aptitude test |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **learn** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some children have an aptitude for music from a young age.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x4:1
# text = Some children have an aptitude for music from a young age.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some children | a aptitude |  |  |  | for music from a young age | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aptitude=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His aptitude for numbers made him good at chess.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x5:1
# text = His aptitude for numbers made him good at chess.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	chess	chess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | His aptitude for numbers | him *= he* |  | chess |  | good *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You don't need an aptitude for sport to enjoy it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aptitude:x6:1
# text = You don't need an aptitude for sport to enjoy it.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | You | a aptitude |  |  |  | for sport | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot aptitude=Theme |
| 2 | **enjoy** | to-infinitive | You *not said here* | aptitude |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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