---
title: aquaplane — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aquaplane» in the school dictionary: If a car aquaplanes, its tyres slide on a layer of water on a wet road and lose grip, so the driver cannot steer or brake well. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aquaplane

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** car aquaplanes, driver, aquaplane, person, car, you · **What happens:** slide, lose, not steer, break, be, tow · **To what, where:** layer, grip, board, motorboat, flooded road, heavy rain

<!-- .vabout -->
«aquaplane» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aquaplane in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/aquaplane.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a car aquaplanes, its tyres slide on a layer of water on a wet road and lose grip, so the driver cannot steer or brake well.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:m1:1
# text = If a car aquaplanes, its tyres slide on a layer of water on a wet road and lose grip, so the driver cannot steer or brake well.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	aquaplanes	aquaplane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	tyres	tyre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	slide	slide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
20	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
22	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
25	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	steer	steer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	brake	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	conj	_	_
30	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slide** | present | car aquaplanes |  |  | a layer of water |  | on a wet road | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme on layer=Source on road=Trajectory |
| 2 | **lose** | infinitive | car aquaplanes *not said here* | grip |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grip=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **steer** | can | the driver |  |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **break** | infinitive | the driver *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An aquaplane was a board towed by a motorboat that a person stood on, like early water-skiing.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:m2:1
# text = An aquaplane was a board towed by a motorboat that a person stood on, like early water-skiing.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	aquaplane	aquaplane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	towed	tow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	motorboat	motorboat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
18	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	skiing	skiing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a aquaplane | a board |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tow** | participle |  | a board *not said here* |  |  |  | by a motorboat | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stand on** | past | a person | a motorboat |  |  |  | like early water skiing | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car aquaplaned on the flooded road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x1:1
# text = The car aquaplaned on the flooded road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	aquaplaned	aquaplane	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	flooded	flood	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aquaplane** | past | the car |  |  | the flooded road |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **flood** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slow down in heavy rain, or your car may aquaplane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x2:1
# text = Slow down in heavy rain, or your car may aquaplane.
1	Slow	slow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	aquaplane	aquaplane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | heavy rain |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **aquaplane** | may | your car |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Worn tyres make aquaplaning more likely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x3:1
# text = Worn tyres make aquaplaning more likely.
1	Worn	worn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tyres	tyre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	aquaplaning	aquaplane	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Worn tyres |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **aquaplane** | gerund | Worn tyres *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lorry aquaplaned and slid into the hedge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x4:1
# text = The lorry aquaplaned and slid into the hedge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	aquaplaned	aquaplane	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	slid	slide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aquaplane** | past | the lorry |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slide** | past | the lorry *not said here* |  |  | the hedge |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into hedge=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water between the tyre and road reduces friction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x5:1
# text = Water between the tyre and road reduces friction.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tyre	tyre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	reduces	reduce	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | present | Water between the tyre and road | friction |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer friction=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Road signs warn drivers about aquaplaning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aquaplane:x6:1
# text = Road signs warn drivers about aquaplaning.
1	Road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warn	warn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	aquaplaning	aquaplane	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | Road signs |  | drivers |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent driver=Recipient |
| 2 | **aquaplane** | gerund | Road signs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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