---
title: arbiter — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «arbiter» in the school dictionary: A person who settles an argument or decides who is right. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# arbiter

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**Who acts:** person, referee, Mum, our, court, magazine · **What happens:** settle, decide, be, have, act, argue · **To what, where:** argument, great power, final arbiter, pitch, arbiter, disputes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«arbiter» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [arbiter in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/arbiter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who settles an argument or decides who is right.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:m1:1
# text = A person who settles an argument or decides who is right.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	settles	settle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **settle** | present | a person | a argument |  |  |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme argument=Location |
| 2 | **decide** | present | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who has great power to decide what is good, like in fashion or taste.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:m2:1
# text = A person who has great power to decide what is good, like in fashion or taste.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	decide	decide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fashion	fashion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a person | great power |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |
| 2 | **decide** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | like fashion or taste; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The referee is the final arbiter on the pitch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x1:1
# text = The referee is the final arbiter on the pitch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the referee | the final arbiter |  | the pitch |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum acted as arbiter in our argument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x2:1
# text = Mum acted as arbiter in our argument.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	acted	act	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | past | Mum |  |  | our argument |  | as arbiter | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as arbiter=Attribute |
| 2 | **argue** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom argument «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The court is the arbiter in disputes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x3:1
# text = The court is the arbiter in disputes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	disputes	dispute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the court | the arbiter |  | disputes |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The magazine was the arbiter of style.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x4:1
# text = The magazine was the arbiter of style.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	magazine	magazine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the magazine | the arbiter |  |  |  | of style | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fair arbiter listens to both sides.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x5:1
# text = A fair arbiter listens to both sides.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	listens	listen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | present | a fair arbiter |  |  |  |  | to both sides | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to side=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let the teacher be the arbiter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arbiter:x6:1
# text = Let the teacher be the arbiter.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	arbiter	arbiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | the teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | infinitive | the arbiter |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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