---
title: archaic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «archaic» in the school dictionary: Very old and from the distant past. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# archaic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Thou, plays, Shakespeare, computers, rule, Archaic rocks · **What happens:** use, be, have, play, seem, contain · **To what, where:** archaic word, many archaic words, some, archaic phrases, archaic touch

<!-- .vabout -->
«archaic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [archaic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/archaic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very old and from the distant past.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:m1:1
# text = Very old and from the distant past.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old-fashioned and no longer used, or too old to be useful.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:m2:1
# text = Old-fashioned and no longer used, or too old to be useful.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	no	no	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	useful	useful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | useful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Thou" is an archaic word for "you".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x1:1
# text = "Thou" is an archaic word for "you".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Thou | a archaic word |  |  |  | for you | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shakespeare's plays have many archaic words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x2:1
# text = Shakespeare's plays have many archaic words.
1	Shakespeare	Shakespeare	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	plays	play	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Shakespeare's plays | many archaic words |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 2 | **play** |  | Shakespeare |  |  |  |  |  | nom play «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school's computers are archaic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x3:1
# text = The school's computers are archaic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	computers	computer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the school's computers |  |  |  |  | archaic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That rule seems archaic now.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x4:1
# text = That rule seems archaic now.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | present | that rule |  |  |  | now | archaic *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Archaic rocks contain some of the oldest life on Earth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x5:1
# text = Archaic rocks contain some of the oldest life on Earth.
1	Archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Archaic rocks | some |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot some=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa uses some archaic phrases.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x6:1
# text = Grandpa uses some archaic phrases.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
4	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	phrases	phrase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Grandpa | some archaic phrases |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent phrase=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is indeed an archaic touch, which seems to hark back to primitive times and totemistic beliefs.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:archaic:x7:1
# text = This is indeed an archaic touch, which seems to hark back to primitive times and totemistic beliefs.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	archaic	archaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	touch	touch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	seems	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	hark	hark	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	back	back	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	primitive	primitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	totemistic	totemistic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	beliefs	belief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a archaic touch |  |  |  | indeed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **seem** | present | a archaic touch |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **hark back** | to-infinitive | a archaic touch *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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