---
title: arnica — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «arnica» in the school dictionary: Arnica is a yellow flower that grows in mountains, related to daisies. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/arnica/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / arnica

# arnica

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Arnica, yellow flower, people, Mum, Jake, nan · **What happens:** be, grow, make, put, bruise, come · **To what, where:** yellow flower, mountains, cream, gel, plant, bruises · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«arnica» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [arnica in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/arnica.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arnica is a yellow flower that grows in mountains, related to daisies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:m1:1
# text = Arnica is a yellow flower that grows in mountains, related to daisies.
1	Arnica	Arnica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	daisies	daisy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Arnica | a yellow flower |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | a yellow flower |  |  | mountains |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arnica is a cream or gel made from this plant that some people put on bruises and sore muscles.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:m2:1
# text = Arnica is a cream or gel made from this plant that some people put on bruises and sore muscles.
1	Arnica	Arnica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	gel	gel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
12	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	put	put	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Arnica | a cream or gel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | gel *not said here* |  | this plant |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from plant=Material |
| 3 | **put** | present | some people | this plant |  | bruises and sore muscles |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme on bruise=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum put arnica cream on my bruised knee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x1:1
# text = Mum put arnica cream on my bruised knee.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bruised	bruise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | Mum | arnica cream |  | my bruised knee |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme on knee=Destination |
| 2 | **bruise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arnica grows on sunny mountain slopes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x2:1
# text = Arnica grows on sunny mountain slopes.
1	Arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	slopes	slope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Arnica |  |  | sunny mountain slopes |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on slope=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jake came home covered in bruises, and his nan reached for the arnica.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x3:1
# text = Jake came home covered in bruises, and his nan reached for the arnica.
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	home	home	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	nan	nan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Jake |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cover** | participle | Jake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in bruises | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in bruise=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | past | Jake's nan |  |  |  |  | for the arnica | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never eat arnica; it can make you very ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x4:1
# text = Never eat arnica; it can make you very ill.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative | you *not said here* | arnica |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arnica=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | can | arnica | you |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material you=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The football coach keeps arnica gel in his bag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x5:1
# text = The football coach keeps arnica gel in his bag.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	gel	gel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | the football coach | arnica gel |  | coach's bag |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gel=Theme in bag=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people say arnica helps bruises; scientists are still not sure how much.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arnica:x6:1
# text = Some people say arnica helps bruises; scientists are still not sure how much.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	arnica	arnica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
14	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **help** | present | arnica | bruises |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bruise=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | scientists |  |  |  | still | sure *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [army](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/army/)
- next →: [around](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/around/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)