---
title: artisan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «artisan» in the school dictionary: An artisan is a skilled worker who makes things by hand, such as a carpenter, potter or weaver. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# artisan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** artisan, skilled worker, hand, artisans, Potters, We · **What happens:** be, make, carve, belong, buy, teach · **To what, where:** skilled worker, things, Artisan bread, small amounts, beautiful wooden chair, medieval towns

<!-- .vabout -->
«artisan» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [artisan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/artisan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An artisan is a skilled worker who makes things by hand, such as a carpenter, potter or weaver.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:m1:1
# text = An artisan is a skilled worker who makes things by hand, such as a carpenter, potter or weaver.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	worker	worker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	carpenter	carpenter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	potter	potter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	weaver	weaver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a artisan | a skilled worker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a skilled worker | things |  |  |  | by hand | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Artisan bread, cheese and so on are made by hand in small amounts, in a traditional way.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:m2:1
# text = Artisan bread, cheese and so on are made by hand in small amounts, in a traditional way.
1	Artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	2	conj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	traditional	traditional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | hand | Artisan bread and cheese |  | small amounts |  | in a traditional way | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artisan carved a beautiful wooden chair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x1:1
# text = The artisan carved a beautiful wooden chair.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carved	carve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | past | the artisan | a beautiful wooden chair |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chair=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In medieval towns artisans belonged to guilds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x2:1
# text = In medieval towns artisans belonged to guilds.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	medieval	medieval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	artisans	artisan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	belonged	belong	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	guilds	guild	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | past | artisans |  |  | medieval towns |  | to guilds | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Potters and glassblowers are artisans.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x3:1
# text = Potters and glassblowers are artisans.
1	Potters	potter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	glassblowers	glassblower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	artisans	artisan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Potters and glassblowers | artisans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We bought artisan bread at the market.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x4:1
# text = We bought artisan bread at the market.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | We | artisan bread |  | the market |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent bread=Theme at market=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artisan taught his apprentice for seven years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x5:1
# text = The artisan taught his apprentice for seven years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	apprentice	apprentice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | the artisan | artisan's apprentice |  |  | year |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent apprentice=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Local artisans sell crafts at the fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x6:1
# text = Local artisans sell crafts at the fair.
1	Local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	artisans	artisan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sell	sell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	crafts	craft	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | Local artisans | crafts |  | the fair |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent craft=Theme at fair=Asset |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Late one evening a certain artisan happened to be returning home from a jovial feast in a distant village.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:artisan:x7:1
# text = Late one evening a certain artisan happened to be returning home from a jovial feast in a distant village.
1	Late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	artisan	artisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux	_	_
10	returning	return	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
11	home	home	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	jovial	jovial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | a certain artisan |  |  |  | evening | late *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **return** | to-infinitive · progressive | a certain artisan *not said here* |  |  | a jovial feast in a distant village |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from feast=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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