---
title: arum — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «arum» in the school dictionary: An arum is a plant with arrow-shaped leaves and a hood-like flower around a spike, such as the arum lily or the wild arum (cuckoo pint, lords and ladies). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# arum

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** arum, Lords, wild arum, Arum berries, white arum lily, you · **What happens:** be, shape, grow, attract, not pick · **To what, where:** plant, wild arum, hedges, weddings, Flies, red berries

<!-- .vabout -->
«arum» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [arum in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/arum.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An arum is a plant with arrow-shaped leaves and a hood-like flower around a spike, such as the arum lily or the wild arum (cuckoo pint, lords and ladies).

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:m1:1
# text = An arum is a plant with arrow-shaped leaves and a hood-like flower around a spike, such as the arum lily or the wild arum (cuckoo pint, lords and ladies).
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	hood	hood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
17	around	around	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	spike	spike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	25	case	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	lily	lily	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
30	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	cuckoo	cuckoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	pint	pint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	ladies	lady	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a arum | a plant and a like flower around a spike |  |  |  | with shaped leaves | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lords and ladies is a wild arum that grows in hedges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x1:1
# text = Lords and ladies is a wild arum that grows in hedges.
1	Lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	ladies	lady	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hedges	hedge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lords and ladies | a wild arum |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | present | a wild arum |  |  | hedges |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hedge=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arum berries are poisonous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x2:1
# text = Arum berries are poisonous.
1	Arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Arum berries |  |  |  |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The white arum lily is popular at weddings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x3:1
# text = The white arum lily is popular at weddings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lily	lily	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	weddings	wedding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the white arum lily |  |  | weddings |  | popular *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flies are attracted to the smelly arum flower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x4:1
# text = Flies are attracted to the smelly arum flower.
1	Flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	attracted	attract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	smelly	smelly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attract** | present · passive |  | Flies |  |  |  | to the smelly arum flower *result* | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient to flower=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't pick the arum's red berries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x5:1
# text = Don't pick the arum's red berries.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	pick	pick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pick** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the arum's red berries |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Arum lilies grow wild in parts of Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:arum:x6:1
# text = Arum lilies grow wild in parts of Australia.
1	Arum	arum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	lilies	lily	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Arum lilies |  |  | parts of Australia |  | wild *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in part=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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