---
title: aryan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «aryan» in the school dictionary: Aryan was an old name for the ancient people who spoke early Indo-Iranian languages in Iran and northern India; «arya» meant «noble» in Sanskrit. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# aryan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Aryan, ancient people, arya, Nazis, idea, Holocaust · **What happens:** be, speak, mean, misuse, make up, use · **To what, where:** old name, Indo Iranian languages, noble, Aryan, made master race, Aarya · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«aryan» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [aryan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/aryan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aryan was an old name for the ancient people who spoke early Indo-Iranian languages in Iran and northern India; «arya» meant «noble» in Sanskrit.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:m1:1
# text = Aryan was an old name for the ancient people who spoke early Indo-Iranian languages in Iran and northern India; «arya» meant «noble» in Sanskrit.
1	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
13	Indo	Indo	X	AFX	_	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Iranian	Iranian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	arya	Arya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
26	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	28	punct	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Sanskrit	Sanskrit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Aryan | a old name |  |  |  | for the ancient people | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the ancient people | Indo Iranian languages in Iran and northern India |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | past | arya | noble |  |  |  | in Sanskrit | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot noble=Theme in sanskrit=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history, Nazi — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Nazis in Germany misused «Aryan» to mean a made-up «master race» of white, often blond, people; this idea was false and cruel and was used to justify the Holocaust.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:m2:1
# text = The Nazis in Germany misused «Aryan» to mean a made-up «master race» of white, often blond, people; this idea was false and cruel and was used to justify the Holocaust.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Nazis	Nazi	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	misused	misuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	often	often	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	blond	blond	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
30	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	conj	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	justify	justify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	xcomp	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	Holocaust	Holocaust	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misuse** | past | the Nazis in Germany | Aryan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | to-infinitive | the Nazis in Germany *not said here* | a made master race of white and people |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Topic |
| 3 | **make up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | this idea |  |  |  |  | false *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | this idea *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **use** | past · passive | this idea *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: clause=Eventuality |
| 7 | **justify** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | the Holocaust |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aryan (also spelled Aarya or Arian) is also a boy's name in India and elsewhere.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:m3:1
# text = Aryan (also spelled Aarya or Arian) is also a boy's name in India and elsewhere.
1	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	spelled	spell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
5	Aarya	Aarya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Arian	Arian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
10	also	also	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV	RB	_	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spell** | participle |  | Aarya or Arian |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent aarya=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Aryan | a boy's name |  | India |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Nazis falsely claimed that «Aryans» were better than other people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x1:1
# text = The Nazis falsely claimed that «Aryans» were better than other people.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Nazis	Nazi	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	falsely	falsely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	claimed	claim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Aryans	Aryan	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	ccomp	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim** *speech: other* | past | the Nazis |  |  |  |  | falsely *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Aryans |  |  |  |  | than other people; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is no such thing as a master race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x2:1
# text = There is no such thing as a master race.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
4	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no such thing as a master race |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The name Iran comes from an old word linked to «Aryan».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x3:1
# text = The name Iran comes from an old word linked to «Aryan».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	linked	link	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the name |  |  | a old word |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **link** | participle |  | a old word *not said here* |  |  |  | to Aryan | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient to aryan=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In ancient Sanskrit, «arya» meant «noble».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x4:1
# text = In ancient Sanskrit, «arya» meant «noble».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Sanskrit	Sanskrit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	arya	Arya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | past | arya | noble |  |  |  | in ancient Sanskrit | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot noble=Theme in sanskrit=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hitler's ideas about an «Aryan race» led to terrible crimes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x5:1
# text = Hitler's ideas about an «Aryan race» led to terrible crimes.
1	Hitler	Hitler	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	crimes	crime	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | Hitler's ideas about a Aryan race |  |  |  |  | to terrible crimes | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to crime=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My classmate's name is Aryan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:aryan:x6:1
# text = My classmate's name is Aryan.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My classmate's name |  |  |  |  | aryan *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** |  | My classmate |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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