---
title: assurance — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «assurance» in the school dictionary: An assurance is a promise or a statement that makes someone feel sure or less worried. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# assurance

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** assurance, that, someone, He, dog, his · **What happens:** be, make, feel, give, assure, speak · **To what, where:** promise, someone, Assurance confidence, kind, assurance, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«assurance» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [assurance in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/assurance.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An assurance is a promise or a statement that makes someone feel sure or less worried.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:m1:1
# text = An assurance is a promise or a statement that makes someone feel sure or less worried.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	16	advmod	_	_
16	worried	worried	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a assurance | a promise or a statement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | that | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **feel** | infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Assurance is confidence in yourself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:m2:1
# text = Assurance is confidence in yourself.
1	Assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	confidence	confidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Assurance confidence |  |  |  | in yourself | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Assurance is a kind of insurance, especially life assurance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:m3:1
# text = Assurance is a kind of insurance, especially life assurance.
1	Assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	insurance	insurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Assurance | a kind and life assurance |  |  |  | of insurance | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He gave me his assurance that the dog was friendly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x1:1
# text = He gave me his assurance that the dog was friendly.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | He | his assurance | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient assurance=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | friendly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **assure** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom assurance «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spoke with quiet assurance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x2:1
# text = She spoke with quiet assurance.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | She |  |  |  |  | with quiet assurance | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with assurance=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Despite assurances, the bus was late again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x3:1
# text = Despite assurances, the bus was late again.
1	Despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	assurances	assurance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bus |  |  |  | again | despite assurances; late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Quality assurance checks every toy for safety.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x4:1
# text = Quality assurance checks every toy for safety.
1	Quality	quality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checks	check	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | present | Quality assurance | every toy |  |  |  | for safety | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent toy=Theme for safety=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor's assurance calmed my nerves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x5:1
# text = The doctor's assurance calmed my nerves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	calmed	calm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	nerves	nerve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **calm** | past | the doctor's assurance | my nerves |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus nerve=Experiencer |
| 2 | **assure** |  | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | nom assurance «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad has life assurance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x6:1
# text = Grandad has life assurance.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Grandad | life assurance |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assurance=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He comforted them with the assurance that their children should be restored to them, provided they would promise to give him in marriage the maiden he loved.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:assurance:x7:1
# text = He comforted them with the assurance that their children should be restored to them, provided they would promise to give him in marriage the maiden he loved.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comforted	comfort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	assurance	assurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	promise	promise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	marriage	marriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comfort** | past | He | them *= they* |  |  |  | with the assurance | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 2 | **restore** | should · passive |  | their children | them *= they* |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to they=Recipient |
| 3 | **provide** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition clause=Theme |
| 4 | **promise** *speech: promise* | would | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | children *= child* *not said here* | the maiden | him *= he* | marriage |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient maiden=Theme |
| 6 | **love** | past | he | the maiden *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer maiden=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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