---
title: astonishingly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «astonishingly» in the school dictionary: In a way that causes great surprise. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# astonishingly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, cat, cheetah, She, ice, nobody · **What happens:** cause, survive, be, do, notice, grow · **To what, where:** great surprise, fall, exam, elephant, boots, old boots

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«astonishingly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [astonishingly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/astonishingly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a way that causes great surprise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:m1:1
# text = In a way that causes great surprise.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | a way | great surprise |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition surprise=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very, extremely: «astonishingly fast».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:m2:1
# text = Very, extremely: «astonishingly fast».
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astonishingly, the cat survived the fall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x1:1
# text = Astonishingly, the cat survived the fall.
1	Astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | past | the cat | the fall |  |  |  | astonishingly *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fall=Circumstance |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheetah is astonishingly fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x2:1
# text = The cheetah is astonishingly fast.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheetah	cheetah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the cheetah |  |  |  |  | astonishingly, fast *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She did astonishingly well in her exam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x3:1
# text = She did astonishingly well in her exam.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | She |  |  | her exam |  | astonishingly, well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ice was astonishingly thick.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x4:1
# text = The ice was astonishingly thick.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the ice |  |  |  |  | astonishingly, thick *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astonishingly, nobody noticed the elephant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x5:1
# text = Astonishingly, nobody noticed the elephant.
1	Astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
4	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | nobody | the elephant |  |  |  | astonishingly *property* | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer elephant=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seed grew astonishingly quickly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x6:1
# text = The seed grew astonishingly quickly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the seed |  |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It certainly occurred to the servant who had to clean his boots that they were astonishingly old boots for such a rich lord.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astonishingly:x7:1
# text = It certainly occurred to the servant who had to clean his boots that they were astonishingly old boots for such a rich lord.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	occurred	occur	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	clean	clean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	advcl	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	23	det:predet	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **occur** | past | It |  |  |  |  | to the servant; certainly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **clean** | to-infinitive |  | his boots |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent boot=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | past | boots *= boot* | old boots |  |  |  | for such rich lord; astonishingly *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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