---
title: astray — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «astray» in the school dictionary: Astray means away from the right path or place, lost. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# astray

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Astray, right path, someone, letter, We, friends · **What happens:** mean away, lose, go, lead, mean, do · **To what, where:** right path, wrong things, you, post, Wild Wood, Toad · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«astray» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [astray in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/astray.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astray means away from the right path or place, lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:m1:1
# text = Astray means away from the right path or place, lost.
1	Astray	Astray	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean away** | present | Astray |  |  | the right path or place |  | away *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lose** | past | the right path or place *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To go astray or be led astray means to do wrong things, often because someone tempted you.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:m2:1
# text = To go astray or be led astray means to do wrong things, often because someone tempted you.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
7	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
11	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	nsubj	_	_
17	tempted	tempt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lead** | infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP» |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | wrong things |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 5 | **tempt** | past | someone |  | you |  |  | often *property* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The letter went astray in the post.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x1:1
# text = The letter went astray in the post.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the letter |  |  | the post |  | astray *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in post=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went astray in the Wild Wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x2:1
# text = We went astray in the Wild Wood.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Wild	Wild	PROPN	NNP	_	7	flat	_	_
7	Wood	Wood	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | the Wild Wood |  | astray *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in wood=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad's friends were afraid he would be led astray.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x3:1
# text = Toad's friends were afraid he would be led astray.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
10	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Toad's friends |  |  |  |  | afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lead** | would · passive |  | Toad |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shepherd went to look for the sheep that had gone astray.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x4:1
# text = The shepherd went to look for the sheep that had gone astray.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the shepherd |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | the shepherd *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the sheep | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for sheep=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | past · perfect | the sheep |  |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't let anyone lead you astray.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x5:1
# text = Don't let anyone lead you astray.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | anyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lead** | infinitive | anyone *not said here* | you |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One of my gloves has gone astray.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x6:1
# text = One of my gloves has gone astray.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	gloves	glove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present · perfect | One of my gloves |  |  |  |  | astray *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some day they will lead you astray.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astray:x7:1
# text = Some day they will lead you astray.”
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	astray	astray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | future | they | you |  |  | day | astray *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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