---
title: astronomer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «astronomer» in the school dictionary: An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, moons, comets, galaxies and everything else in space. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# astronomer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** astronomer, scientist, amateur astronomer, person, Galileo, Astronomers · **What happens:** be, study, watch, look, find, name · **To what, where:** scientist, stars, space, person, night sky, famous Italian astronomer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«astronomer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [astronomer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/astronomer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, moons, comets, galaxies and everything else in space.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:m1:1
# text = An astronomer is a scientist who studies the stars, planets, moons, comets, galaxies and everything else in space.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	scientist	scientist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	studies	study	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	comets	comet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	galaxies	galaxy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	9	conj	_	_
20	else	else	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a astronomer | a scientist |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **study** | present | a scientist | the stars and planets and moons and comets and galaxies |  | space |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An amateur astronomer is a person who watches the night sky as a hobby, often with a telescope.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:m2:1
# text = An amateur astronomer is a person who watches the night sky as a hobby, often with a telescope.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	amateur	amateur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hobby	hobby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a amateur astronomer | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **watch** | present | a person | the night sky |  |  |  | as a hobby; with a telescope | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent sky=Theme as hobby=Value |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An astronomer studies the stars and planets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x1:1
# text = An astronomer studies the stars and planets.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studies	study	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | a astronomer | the stars and planets |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Galileo was a famous Italian astronomer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x2:1
# text = Galileo was a famous Italian astronomer.
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	Italian	Italian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Galileo | a famous Italian astronomer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The astronomer looked through a giant telescope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x3:1
# text = The astronomer looked through a giant telescope.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the astronomer |  |  |  |  | through a giant telescope | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through telescope=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astronomers have found planets around other stars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x4:1
# text = Astronomers have found planets around other stars.
1	Astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · perfect | Astronomers | planets |  | other stars |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My uncle is an amateur astronomer with his own telescope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x5:1
# text = My uncle is an amateur astronomer with his own telescope.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	amateur	amateur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	telescope	telescope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My uncle | a amateur astronomer |  |  |  | with his own telescope | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astronomers named the new comet after its discoverer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x6:1
# text = Astronomers named the new comet after its discoverer.
1	Astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	named	name	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	comet	comet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	discoverer	discoverer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | past | Astronomers | the new comet |  |  | after comet's discoverer |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comet=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The astronomer explained why the Moon changes shape.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x7:1
# text = The astronomer explained why the Moon changes shape.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the astronomer |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **change** | present | the Moon | shape |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I want to be an astronomer when I grow up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x8:1
# text = I want to be an astronomer when I grow up.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	astronomer	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | a astronomer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow up** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
AN ASTRONOMER used to go out at night to observe the stars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:astronomer:x9:1
# text = AN ASTRONOMER used to go out at night to observe the stars.
1	AN	an	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	ASTRONOMER	astronomer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	observe	observe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | AN ASTRONOMER *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **go out** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | night |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **observe** | to-infinitive |  | the stars |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent star=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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