---
title: atlas — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «atlas» in the school dictionary: An atlas is a book of maps. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# atlas

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** atlas, Greek myths, top bone, you, atlas scale, road atlas · **What happens:** be, hold up, find, have, use, show · **To what, where:** book, Greek myths, sky, shoulders, top bone, head

<!-- .vabout -->
«atlas» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [atlas in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/atlas.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An atlas is a book of maps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:m1:1
# text = An atlas is a book of maps.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	maps	map	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a atlas | a book |  |  |  | of maps | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Atlas is a giant in Greek myths who held up the sky on his shoulders.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:m2:1
# text = Atlas is a giant in Greek myths who held up the sky on his shoulders.
1	Atlas	Atlas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	myths	myth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Atlas |  |  | Greek myths |  | giant *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold up** | past | Greek myths | the sky |  | Atlas's shoulders |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot sky=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The atlas is the top bone of the spine, which holds up the head.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:m3:1
# text = The atlas is the top bone of the spine, which holds up the head.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	spine	spine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the atlas | the top bone |  |  |  | of the spine | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold up** | present | the top bone | the head |  |  |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot head=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Find Canada in the atlas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x1:1
# text = Find Canada in the atlas.
1	Find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | imperative | you *not said here* | Canada |  | the atlas |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent canada=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our atlas has a map of every continent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x2:1
# text = Our atlas has a map of every continent.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	continent	continent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our atlas | a map of every continent |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the index at the back of the atlas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x3:1
# text = Use the index at the back of the atlas.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	index	index	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the index |  | the back of the atlas |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent index=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The atlas scale shows 1 centimetre equals 100 kilometres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x4:1
# text = The atlas scale shows 1 centimetre equals 100 kilometres.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	scale	scale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	centimetre	centimetre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	equals	equal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the atlas scale | 1 centimetre equals and 100 kilometres |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent equal=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the myth, Atlas holds up the sky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x5:1
# text = In the myth, Atlas holds up the sky.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Atlas	Atlas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold up** | present | Atlas | the sky |  | the myth |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot sky=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A road atlas helps drivers find their way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x6:1
# text = A road atlas helps drivers find their way.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | a road atlas | drivers |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent driver=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | infinitive | drivers *not said here* | drivers's way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The atlas bone lets your head nod.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x7:1
# text = The atlas bone lets your head nod.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	atlas	atlas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	nod	nod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | present | the atlas bone | your head nod |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nod=Theme |
| 2 | **nod** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom nod «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Atlas good-naturedly threw down the apples and once more resumed his load, upon which Heracles bade him adieu, and departed.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:atlas:x8:1
# text = Atlas good-naturedly threw down the apples and once more resumed his load, upon which Heracles bade him adieu, and departed.
1	Atlas	Atlas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	naturedly	naturedly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	12	advmod	_	_
11	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
12	resumed	resume	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obl	_	_
18	Heracles	Heracles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	bade	bade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	adieu	adieu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	departed	depart	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw down** | past | Atlas | the apples |  |  |  | naturedly *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Theme |
| 2 | **resume** | past | Atlas *not said here* | Atlas's load |  |  |  | once *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Eventuality |
| 3 | **bade** | past | Heracles | Atlas |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **depart** | past | Atlas *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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