---
title: attained — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «attained» in the school dictionary: Attained means reached or achieved, usually after hard work: attained a goal. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# attained

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hard work, She, rocket, He, dream, his · **What happens:** attain, mean, reach, achieve, expect, play · **To what, where:** goal, level, top marks, test, pupil, height · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«attained» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [attained in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/attained.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attained means reached or achieved, usually after hard work: attained a goal.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:m1:1
# text = Attained means reached or achieved, usually after hard work: attained a goal.
1	Attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	achieved	achieve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **reach** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **achieve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **attain** | participle | hard work *not said here* | a goal |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attained can mean reached a level, age or height.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:m2:1
# text = Attained can mean reached a level, age or height.
1	Attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reach** | past |  | a level and age or height |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent level=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She attained top marks in the test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x1:1
# text = She attained top marks in the test.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | She | top marks |  | the test |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) The pupil has attained the expected standard in maths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x2:1
# text = (formal) The pupil has attained the expected standard in maths.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	standard	standard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | present · perfect · passive |  | the pupil |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary standard=Theme |
| 2 | **expect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket attained a height of 100 metres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x3:1
# text = The rocket attained a height of 100 metres.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | the rocket | a height of 100 metres |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent height=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He finally attained his dream of playing for the team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x4:1
# text = He finally attained his dream of playing for the team.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | He | his dream |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Theme |
| 2 | **play** | gerund | his dream *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the team | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for team=Eventuality |
| 3 | **dream** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climbers attained the summit before dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x5:1
# text = The climbers attained the summit before dark.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	summit	summit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | the climbers | the summit |  |  | before dark |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent summit=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) Determine the maximum speed attained by the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x6:1
# text = (formal) Determine the maximum speed attained by the car.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	maximum	maximum	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the maximum speed |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Topic |
| 2 | **attain** | participle |  | the maximum speed *not said here* |  |  |  | by the car | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Prince attained to man's estate, and began to think about getting married.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attained:x7:1
# text = The Prince attained to man's estate, and began to think about getting married.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attained	attain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	TO	_	5	case	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	estate	estate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	getting	get	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attain** | past | the Prince | man's estate |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent estate=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | the Prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | the Prince *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **marry** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V» |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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