---
title: attainment — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «attainment» in the school dictionary: Attainment is reaching a goal or getting something after effort. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/attainment/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / attainment

# attainment

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Attainment, pupil, someone, report, Reading, school · **What happens:** reach, get, be, learn, achieve, measure · **To what, where:** goal, something, skill, achievement, good attainment, attainment

<!-- .vabout -->
«attainment» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [attainment in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/attainment.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attainment is reaching a goal or getting something after effort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:m1:1
# text = Attainment is reaching a goal or getting something after effort.
1	Attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	reaching	reach	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | present · progressive | Attainment | a goal |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | gerund | Attainment *not said here* | something |  |  | after effort |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, school — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attainment is how much a pupil has learned or achieved, often measured by tests and grades.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:m2:1
# text = Attainment is how much a pupil has learned or achieved, often measured by tests and grades.
1	Attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	achieved	achieve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	measured	measure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	tests	test	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	grades	grade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Attainment |  |  |  |  | much *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **learn** | present · perfect | a pupil |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **achieve** | participle | a pupil *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **measure** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by tests and grades; often *property* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An attainment is a skill or achievement someone has gained.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:m3:1
# text = An attainment is a skill or achievement someone has gained.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	achievement	achievement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	gained	gain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a attainment | a skill or achievement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **gain** | present · perfect | someone | achievement *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent achievement=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The report showed good attainment in maths. (formal)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The report showed good attainment in maths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x1:1
# text = The report showed good attainment in maths.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the report | good attainment |  |  |  | in maths | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent attainment=Patient in math=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x1:2
# text = (formal)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reading every day helps raise attainment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x2:1
# text = Reading every day helps raise attainment.
1	Reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
6	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | gerund |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **help** | present | Reading |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **raise** | infinitive | Reading *not said here* | attainment |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attainment=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The attainment of her goal took years of practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x3:1
# text = The attainment of her goal took years of practice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the attainment of attainment's goal |  |  |  | year |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **attain** |  |  | attainment's goal |  |  |  |  | nom attainment «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school measures attainment with tests each term.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x4:1
# text = The school measures attainment with tests each term.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	measures	measure	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tests	test	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | present | the school | attainment |  |  |  | with tests; each term *obl:unmarked* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme attainment=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swimming a mile was his proudest attainment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x5:1
# text = Swimming a mile was his proudest attainment.
1	Swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	mile	mile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	proudest	proud	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | gerund |  | a mile |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mile=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Swimming | his proudest attainment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attainment rose from 60% to 75%, a rise of 15 percentage points. (formal)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Attainment rose from 60% to 75%, a rise of 15 percentage points.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x6:1
# text = Attainment rose from 60% to 75%, a rise of 15 percentage points.
1	Attainment	attainment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	75	75	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rise	rise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	percentage	percentage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | Attainment |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from %=Initial\_Location to %=Destination |
| 2 | **rise** |  | 15 percentage points |  |  |  |  |  | nom rise «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:attainment:x6:2
# text = (formal)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [attained](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/attained/)
- next →: [attar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/attar/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)