---
title: audio — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «audio» in the school dictionary: Audio means sound, especially recorded or broadcast sound. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# audio

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Audio, computing audio, I, We, museum, you · **What happens:** mean, record, broadcast, do, be, listen · **To what, where:** sound, audio equipment, sound part, long car trips, audio file, poem · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«audio» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [audio in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/audio.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Audio means sound, especially recorded or broadcast sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:m1:1
# text = Audio means sound, especially recorded or broadcast sound.
1	Audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	broadcast	broadcast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
9	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Audio | sound |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Topic |
| 2 | **record** | participle |  | sound *not said here* |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **broadcast** *speech: other* | participle |  | sound |  |  |  |  | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, audio means to do with sound, as in «an audio book», «audio equipment».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:m2:1
# text = As an adjective, audio means to do with sound, as in «an audio book», «audio equipment».
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	audio	audio	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	audio	audio	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	equipment	equipment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | audio |  |  |  |  | as a adjective | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | audio equipment |  |  |  | with sound; as a audio book | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In computing, audio is the sound part of a video or a file.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:m3:1
# text = In computing, audio is the sound part of a video or a file.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	computing	computing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | computing audio | the sound part |  |  |  | of a video or a file | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The audio on the video was too quiet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x1:1
# text = The audio on the video was too quiet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the audio on the video |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I listen to audiobooks on long car trips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x2:1
# text = I listen to audiobooks on long car trips.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	listen	listen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	audiobooks	audiobook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	trips	trip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | present | I |  |  | long car trips |  | to audiobooks | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to audiobook=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We recorded an audio file of our poem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x3:1
# text = We recorded an audio file of our poem.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	recorded	record	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	audio	audio	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **record** | past | We | a audio file of our poem |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent file=Theme |
| 2 | **file** |  |  | our poem |  |  |  |  | nom file «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum had an audio guide in five languages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x4:1
# text = The museum had an audio guide in five languages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	audio	audio	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	guide	guide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the museum | a audio guide |  | five languages |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guide=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check that the audio cable is plugged in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x5:1
# text = Check that the audio cable is plugged in.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cable	cable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	plugged	plug	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **plug in** | present · passive |  | the audio cable |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The audio and the picture were out of sync.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:audio:x6:1
# text = The audio and the picture were out of sync.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	audio	audio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sync	sync	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the audio and the picture |  |  | sync |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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