---
title: authenticity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «authenticity» in the school dictionary: Being real or genuine, not fake or copied: the authenticity of a painting or a signature. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# authenticity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Experts, signed football, you, People, she, museum · **What happens:** be, copy, act, pretend, test, sign · **To what, where:** yourself, sincere honest way, authenticity, password

<!-- .vabout -->
«authenticity» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [authenticity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/authenticity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being real or genuine, not fake or copied: the authenticity of a painting or a signature.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:m1:1
# text = Being real or genuine, not fake or copied: the authenticity of a painting or a signature.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	csubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	copied	copy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	signature	signature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **copy** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being true to yourself; acting in a sincere, honest way rather than pretending.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:m2:1
# text = Being true to yourself; acting in a sincere, honest way rather than pretending.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	acting	act	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	sincere	sincere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	15	cc	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  | yourself |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **act** | gerund |  |  |  | a sincere honest way |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pretend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Experts tested the authenticity of the old map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x1:1
# text = Experts tested the authenticity of the old map.
1	Experts	expert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | Experts | the authenticity of the old map |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent authenticity=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The signed football came with a certificate of authenticity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x2:1
# text = The signed football came with a certificate of authenticity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	signed	sign	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	certificate	certificate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come** | past | the signed football |  |  |  |  | with a certificate of authenticity | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **certificate** |  |  | authenticity |  |  |  |  | nom certificate «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always check the authenticity of a website before you type your password.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x3:1
# text = Always check the authenticity of a website before you type your password.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	type	type	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	password	password	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | the authenticity of a website |  |  |  | always *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent authenticity=Theme |
| 2 | **type** | present | you | your password |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent password=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People admired the singer's authenticity; she never pretended.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x4:1
# text = People admired the singer's authenticity; she never pretended.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	admired	admire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	pretended	pretend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admire** | past | People | the singer's authenticity |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer authenticity=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **pretend** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum doubted the authenticity of the dinosaur egg.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x5:1
# text = The museum doubted the authenticity of the dinosaur egg.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	doubted	doubt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **doubt** | past | the museum | the authenticity of the dinosaur egg |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent authenticity=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deepfake videos make authenticity hard to judge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:authenticity:x6:1
# text = Deepfake videos make authenticity hard to judge.
1	Deepfake	Deepfake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	videos	video	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	authenticity	authenticity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Deepfake videos | authenticity |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset authenticity=Product |
| 2 | **judge** | to-infinitive | authenticity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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