---
title: author — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «author» in the school dictionary: An author is a person who writes a book, story, poem or article. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# author

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** author, person, Roald, my, purpose, You · **What happens:** be, write, start, create, author, sign · **To what, where:** person, book, author, something, copy, writing

<!-- .vabout -->
«author» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [author in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/author.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An author is a person who writes a book, story, poem or article.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:m1:1
# text = An author is a person who writes a book, story, poem or article.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	writes	write	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a author | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | present | a person | a book and story and poem or article |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The author of a plan, idea or event is the person who started or created it.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:m2:1
# text = The author of a plan, idea or event is the person who started or created it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	created	create	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the author of a plan | the person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | past | the person |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **create** | past | the person *not said here* | author |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To author something is to write it (formal).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:m3:1
# text = To author something is to write it (formal).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	author	author	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **author** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Result |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | write *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roald Dahl is the author of «Matilda».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x1:1
# text = Roald Dahl is the author of «Matilda».
1	Roald	Roald	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Dahl	Dahl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Matilda	Matilda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Roald | the author |  |  |  | of Matilda | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The author signed my copy of her book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x2:1
# text = The author signed my copy of her book.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | the author | my copy of author's book |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent copy=Destination |
| 2 | **copy** |  | my | author's book |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who is the author of this poem?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x3:1
# text = Who is the author of this poem?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the author of this poem |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What was the author's purpose in writing this?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x4:1
# text = What was the author's purpose in writing this?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the author's purpose in writing |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **purpose** |  | the author |  |  | writing |  |  | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent in=place |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An author came to our school to talk about writing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x5:1
# text = An author came to our school to talk about writing.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a author |  |  | our school |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **talk** | to-infinitive | a author *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about writing | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about writing=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You are the author of your own story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x6:1
# text = You are the author of your own story.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | You | the author |  |  |  | of your own story | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The author uses short sentences to build suspense.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x7:1
# text = The author uses short sentences to build suspense.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sentences	sentence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	suspense	suspense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the author | short sentences |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient |
| 2 | **build** | to-infinitive | the author *not said here* | suspense |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset suspense=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wants to be an author when she grows up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x8:1
# text = She wants to be an author when she grows up.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | a author |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow up** | present | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jones, author of the Musical Relicks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:author:x9:1
# text = Jones, author of the Musical Relicks.
1	Jones	Jones	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Relicks	Relicks	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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