---
title: autograph — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «autograph» in the school dictionary: A famous person's signature, written for a fan to keep. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/autograph/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [A](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/) / autograph

# autograph

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** famous person, your, I, footballer, author, we · **What happens:** write, keep, sign, name, get, autograph · **To what, where:** signature, name, something, autograph, shirt, copies

<!-- .vabout -->
«autograph» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [autograph in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/autograph.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A famous person's signature, written for a fan to keep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:m1:1
# text = A famous person's signature, written for a fan to keep.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	signature	signature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  | a famous person's signature *not said here* |  |  |  | for a fan | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for fan=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sign** |  | a famous person |  |  |  |  |  | nom signature «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sign your name on something, such as a book, photo or shirt, for someone.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:m2:1
# text = To sign your name on something, such as a book, photo or shirt, for someone.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sign	sign	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | to-infinitive |  | your name |  | something |  | for someone | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme on something=Destination |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A piece of writing in the author's own hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:m3:1
# text = A piece of writing in the author's own hand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got the footballer's autograph on my shirt!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x1:1
# text = I got the footballer's autograph on my shirt!
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	footballer	footballer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	autograph	autograph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | the footballer's autograph |  | my shirt |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent autograph=Theme on shirt=Source |
| 2 | **autograph** |  | the footballer |  |  |  |  |  | nom autograph «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The author autographed copies of her new book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x2:1
# text = The author autographed copies of her new book.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	autographed	autograph	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	copies	copy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **autograph** | past | the author | copies of author's new book |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent copy=Destination |
| 2 | **copy** |  |  | author's new book |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the end of term we all signed each other's autograph books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x3:1
# text = At the end of term we all signed each other's autograph books.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	autograph	autograph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | we | each other's autograph books |  |  | at the end of term | all *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent book=Theme at end=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He queued for an hour to get an autograph.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x4:1
# text = He queued for an hour to get an autograph.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	queued	queue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	autograph	autograph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **queue** | past | He |  |  |  | hour |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | a autograph |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer autograph=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This autographed photo is very special.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x5:1
# text = This autographed photo is very special.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	autographed	autograph	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **autograph** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | this autographed photo |  |  |  |  | special *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I have your autograph, please?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x6:1
# text = Can I have your autograph, please?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	autograph	autograph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | can | I | your autograph |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent autograph=Patient |
| 2 | **autograph** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom autograph «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The singer autographed my ticket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:autograph:x7:1
# text = The singer autographed my ticket.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	autographed	autograph	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **autograph** | past | the singer | my ticket |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ticket=Destination |
| 2 | **ticket** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom ticket «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [autocorrect](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/autocorrect/)
- next →: [automated](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/automated/)
- ↑ back to [A in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/)