---
title: axial — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «axial» in the school dictionary: About an axis: the line around which something turns or which runs through its middle. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# axial

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** axis, axial tilt, Earth, fan, butterfly shape, Axial rotation · **What happens:** turn, run, give, tilt, have, show · **To what, where:** line, middle, us, axial blades, axial symmetry, axial line

<!-- .vabout -->
«axial» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [axial in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/axial.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About an axis: the line around which something turns or which runs through its middle.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:m1:1
# text = About an axis: the line around which something turns or which runs through its middle.
1	About	about	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
7	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	9	det	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
10	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | a axis | the line |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | present |  |  |  | axis's middle |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through middle=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Earth's axial tilt gives us seasons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x1:1
# text = Earth's axial tilt gives us seasons.
1	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tilt	tilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Earth's axial tilt |  | us |  | season |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 2 | **tilt** |  | Earth |  |  |  |  |  | nom tilt «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fan has axial blades.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x2:1
# text = The fan has axial blades.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fan	fan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	blades	blade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the fan | axial blades |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A butterfly shape shows axial symmetry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x3:1
# text = A butterfly shape shows axial symmetry.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a butterfly shape | axial symmetry |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent symmetry=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Axial rotation of Earth causes day and night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x4:1
# text = Axial rotation of Earth causes day and night.
1	Axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rotation	rotation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Axial rotation of Earth |  |  |  | day |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **rotate** |  | Earth |  |  |  |  |  | nom rotation «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The planet's axial spin takes 24 hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x5:1
# text = The planet's axial spin takes 24 hours.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	spin	spin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the planet's axial spin |  |  |  | hour |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spin** |  | the planet |  |  |  |  |  | nom spin «event transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw the axial line of symmetry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:axial:x6:1
# text = Draw the axial line of symmetry.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	axial	axial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	symmetry	symmetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the axial line of symmetry |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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