---
title: baby — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «baby» in the school dictionary: A very young child who cannot yet walk or talk much. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# baby

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** young child, aunt, baby, you, She, Baby teeth · **What happens:** not walk, talk, have, sleep, call, hold · **To what, where:** baby, baby kangaroo, babies worms, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«baby» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [baby in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/baby.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very young child who cannot yet walk or talk much.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m1:1
# text = A very young child who cannot yet walk or talk much.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **walk** | can | a young child |  |  |  | yet |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **talk** | infinitive | a young child *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very young animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m2:1
# text = A very young animal.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a baby bird".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m2e:1
# text = "a baby bird".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The youngest person in a family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m3:1
# text = The youngest person in a family.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, very small or young.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m4:1
# text = As an adjective, very small or young.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"baby teeth".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:m4e:1
# text = "baby teeth".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt just had a baby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x1:1
# text = My aunt just had a baby.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | My aunt | a baby |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby is sleeping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x2:1
# text = The baby is sleeping.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present · progressive | the baby |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baby kangaroo is called a joey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x3:1
# text = A baby kangaroo is called a joey.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	joey	joey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a baby kangaroo |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold the baby gently.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x4:1
# text = Hold the baby gently.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the baby |  |  |  | gently *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is the baby of the family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x5:1
# text = She is the baby of the family.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | the baby |  |  |  | of the family | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baby teeth fall out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x6:1
# text = Baby teeth fall out.
1	Baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall out** | present | Baby teeth |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bird fed its babies worms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x7:1
# text = The bird fed its babies worms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fed	feed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	compound	_	_
6	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | past | the bird |  | bird's babies worms |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our babysitter reads us stories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x8:1
# text = Our babysitter reads us stories.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	babysitter	babysitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reads	read	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present | Our babysitter | us |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Topic |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"It's only the baby," said John.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baby:x9:1
# text = "It's only the baby," said John.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | It | the baby |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | John |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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