---
title: badger — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «badger» in the school dictionary: A badger is a wild animal with grey fur, short legs and a black and white striped face that lives in tunnels underground and comes out at night. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# badger

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** badger, black striped face, they, Badgers, We, you · **What happens:** be, live, come out, badger, mean, keep · **To what, where:** wild animal, tunnels, someone, them, hole, fence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«badger» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [badger in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/badger.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A badger is a wild animal with grey fur, short legs and a black and white striped face that lives in tunnels underground and comes out at night.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:m1:1
# text = A badger is a wild animal with grey fur, short legs and a black and white striped face that lives in tunnels underground and comes out at night.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
15	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	_
18	striped	striped	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
24	underground	underground	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
27	out	out	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a badger | a wild animal |  |  |  | with grey fur and short legs and a black striped face | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | a black striped face |  |  | tunnels |  | underground *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tunnel=Location |
| 3 | **come out** | present | a black striped face *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To badger someone means to keep asking them again and again for something until they get annoyed.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:m2:1
# text = To badger someone means to keep asking them again and again for something until they get annoyed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	badger	badger	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	9	conj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
14	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
17	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **badger** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **keep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund |  |  | them *= they* |  | again | for something | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 5 | **get** | present | they |  |  |  |  | annoyed *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A badger dug a hole under our fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x1:1
# text = A badger dug a hole under our fence.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | past | a badger | a hole |  | our fence |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hole=Theme under fence=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Badgers come out at night to look for worms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x2:1
# text = Badgers come out at night to look for worms.
1	Badgers	badger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | present | Badgers |  |  |  | night | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | Badgers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for worms | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for worm=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A badger's home is called a sett.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x3:1
# text = A badger's home is called a sett.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sett	sett	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a badger's home |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw a badger's black and white face in the torchlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x4:1
# text = We saw a badger's black and white face in the torchlight.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	torchlight	torchlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | a badger's black face |  | the torchlight |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer face=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop badgering me about the ice cream!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x5:1
# text = Stop badgering me about the ice cream!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	badgering	badger	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **badger** | gerund | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  | about the ice cream | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother badgered Mum until she said yes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x6:1
# text = My little brother badgered Mum until she said yes.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	badgered	badger	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **badger** | past | My little brother | Mum |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mum=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The American badger lives in open grasslands.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x7:1
# text = The American badger lives in open grasslands.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grasslands	grassland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the American badger |  |  | open grasslands |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in grassland=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old father badger was a great hunter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:badger:x8:1
# text = Old father badger was a great hunter.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Old father badger | a great hunter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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