---
title: baking — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «baking» in the school dictionary: Baking is cooking in an oven. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# baking

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Baking, baking oven, She, He, recipe, I · **What happens:** cook, be, bake, mean, build, spend · **To what, where:** bread, cakes, oven, hours baking, loaf, 3 trays · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«baking» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [baking in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/baking.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking is cooking in an oven.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:m1:1
# text = Baking is cooking in an oven.
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cooking	cook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | present · progressive | Baking |  |  |  |  | in a oven | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in oven=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking is the bread and cakes that are baked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:m2:1
# text = Baking is the bread and cakes that are baked.
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Baking | the bread and cakes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bake** | present · passive |  | cakes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking hot means very hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:m3:1
# text = Baking hot means very hot.
1	Baking	bake	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Baking |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baking-oven is an oven built for baking bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:m4:1
# text = A baking-oven is an oven built for baking bread.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a baking oven | a oven |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | participle |  | a oven *not said here* |  |  |  | for baking bread | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for bread=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spent 2 hours baking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x1:1
# text = She spent 2 hours baking.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | She | hours baking |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baking=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking a loaf takes 45 minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x2:1
# text = Baking a loaf takes 45 minutes.
1	Baking	bake	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | gerund |  | a loaf |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Product |
| 2 | **take** | present | Baking |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is baking 3 trays of bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x3:1
# text = He is baking 3 trays of bread.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	baking	bake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	trays	tray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | present · progressive | He | 3 trays of bread |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tray=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The recipe needs 2 spoons of baking soda.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x4:1
# text = The recipe needs 2 spoons of baking soda.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	spoons	spoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	soda	soda	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the recipe | 2 spoons of baking soda |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot spoon=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I love baking with my grandpa.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x5:1
# text = I love baking with my grandpa.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	baking	bake	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **bake** *not said to happen* | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with my grandpa | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient with grandpa=Instrument |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was baking hot at the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x6:1
# text = It was baking hot at the beach.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	baking	bake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past · progressive | It |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Line the baking tray with paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x7:1
# text = Line the baking tray with paper.
1	Line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	tray	tray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking powder makes cakes rise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x8:1
# text = Baking powder makes cakes rise.
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Baking powder | cakes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rise** | infinitive | cakes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell of baking filled the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x9:1
# text = The smell of baking filled the house.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | the smell of baking | the house |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent house=Patient |
| 2 | **smell** |  | baking |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking soda and vinegar fizz together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x10:1
# text = Baking soda and vinegar fizz together.
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soda	soda	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	fizz	fizz	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fizz** | present | Baking soda and vinegar |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baking-oven sticks out of the wall like a great knob.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:baking:x11:1
# text = The baking-oven sticks out of the wall like a great knob.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	knob	knob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick out** | present | the baking oven | the wall |  |  |  | like a great knob | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wall=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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