---
title: ban — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ban» in the school dictionary: To ban something is to officially say that it is not allowed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ban

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ban, rule, town, school, They, widow · **What happens:** ban, be, not allow, stop, do, play · **To what, where:** something, it, rule, Phones, class, plastic bags · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ban» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ban in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ban.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To ban something is to officially say that it is not allowed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:m1:1
# text = To ban something is to officially say that it is not allowed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	ban	ban	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer something=Theme |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  |  |  | officially, say *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **allow** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ban is a rule that stops something from being done.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:m2:1
# text = A ban is a rule that stops something from being done.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ban	ban	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ban | a rule |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stop** | present | a rule | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | gerund · passive | a rule *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Phones are banned in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x1:1
# text = Phones are banned in class.
1	Phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · passive |  | Phones |  | class |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town banned plastic bags.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x2:1
# text = The town banned plastic bags.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | past | the town | plastic bags |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer bag=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was banned from playing for two games.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x3:1
# text = He was banned from playing for two games.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **play** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for two games | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for game=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a ban on smoking in the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x4:1
# text = There is a ban on smoking in the park.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ban	ban	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a ban on smoking in the park |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ball games are banned on the grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x5:1
# text = Ball games are banned on the grass.
1	Ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · passive |  | Ball games |  | the grass |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school banned fizzy drinks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x6:1
# text = The school banned fizzy drinks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | past | the school | fizzy drinks |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer drink=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fishing is banned in this lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x7:1
# text = Fishing is banned in this lake.
1	Fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · passive |  | Fishing |  | this lake |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They came from Rome with a papal decree--a ban, or bull, against the widow who had dared to offend the pious bishop.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ban:x8:1
# text = They came from Rome with a papal decree--a ban, or bull, against the widow who had dared to offend the pious bishop.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	papal	papal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ban	ban	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	dared	dare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	acl:relcl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	offend	offend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	pious	pious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	bishop	bishop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | They | bull |  | Rome |  | with a papal decree and a ban | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from rome=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **dare** | past · perfect | the widow |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **offend** | to-infinitive | the widow *not said here* | the pious bishop |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bishop=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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