---
title: banger — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «banger» in the school dictionary: A sausage. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# banger

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** firework, bad condition, We, old banger, neighbours, dog · **What happens:** make, have, mash, break down, set off, hide · **To what, where:** loud bang, noises, bangers, motorway, banger, hand

<!-- .vabout -->
«banger» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [banger in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/banger.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sausage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:m1:1
# text = A sausage.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sausage	sausage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A firework that makes a loud bang.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:m2:1
# text = A firework that makes a loud bang.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	firework	firework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bang	bang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a firework | a loud bang |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bang=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old car in bad condition that often makes noises.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:m3:1
# text = An old car in bad condition that often makes noises.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	noises	noise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | bad condition | noises |  |  |  | often *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A really good, exciting song, usually loud and catchy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:m4:1
# text = A really good, exciting song, usually loud and catchy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	exciting	exciting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	catchy	catchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had bangers and mash for tea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x1:1
# text = We had bangers and mash for tea.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bangers	banger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	mash	mash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | bangers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent banger=Patient |
| 2 | **mash** | present | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for tea | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad's old banger broke down on the motorway again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x2:1
# text = Dad's old banger broke down on the motorway again.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	banger	banger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | past | Dad's old banger |  |  | the motorway | again |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The neighbours set off bangers at midnight and the dog hid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x3:1
# text = The neighbours set off bangers at midnight and the dog hid.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	bangers	banger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set off** | present | the neighbours | bangers |  |  | midnight |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition banger=Patient |
| 2 | **hide** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never hold a banger in your hand after it is lit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x4:1
# text = Never hold a banger in your hand after it is lit.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	banger	banger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | a banger |  | your hand |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent banger=Theme in hand=Location |
| 2 | **lit** | present · passive |  | banger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This new song is an absolute banger!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x5:1
# text = This new song is an absolute banger!
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	absolute	absolute	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	banger	banger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this new song | a absolute banger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school canteen serves veggie bangers on Fridays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x6:1
# text = The school canteen serves veggie bangers on Fridays.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	canteen	canteen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	veggie	veggie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	bangers	banger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Fridays	Friday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | the school canteen | veggie bangers |  |  | friday |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent banger=Attribute |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Uncle Pete drove a rusty banger with no radio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banger:x7:1
# text = Uncle Pete drove a rusty banger with no radio.
1	Uncle	Uncle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Pete	Pete	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	rusty	rusty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	banger	banger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past | Uncle | a rusty banger |  |  |  | with no radio | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent banger=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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