---
title: banning — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «banning» in the school dictionary: Officially saying that something is not allowed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# banning

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** act, school, Many towns, They, Banning, club · **What happens:** say, not allow, forbid, ban, talk, keep · **To what, where:** something, phones, lessons, plastic bags, food adverts, fireworks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«banning» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [banning in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/banning.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Officially saying that something is not allowed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:m1:1
# text = Officially saying that something is not allowed.
1	Officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | officially *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **allow** | present · passive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The act of forbidding something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:m2:1
# text = The act of forbidding something.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	forbidding	forbid	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forbid** | gerund | the act *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer something=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school is banning phones in lessons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x1:1
# text = The school is banning phones in lessons.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	banning	ban	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lessons	lesson	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · progressive | the school | phones |  | lessons |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer phone=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many towns are banning plastic bags.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x2:1
# text = Many towns are banning plastic bags.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	banning	ban	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · progressive | Many towns | plastic bags |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer bag=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They talked about banning junk food adverts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x3:1
# text = They talked about banning junk food adverts.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	banning	ban	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	junk	junk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	adverts	advert	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | They |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ban** | gerund | They *not said here* | food adverts |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer advert=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Banning fireworks could keep pets calm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x4:1
# text = Banning fireworks could keep pets calm.
1	Banning	ban	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	fireworks	firework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | gerund |  | fireworks |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer firework=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | could | Banning | pets |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pet=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The banning of the book upset the author.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x5:1
# text = The banning of the book upset the author.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	banning	banning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	upset	upset	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upset** | past | the banning of the book | the author |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus author=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The club is banning him from the next match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banning:x6:1
# text = The club is banning him from the next match.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	banning	ban	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | present · progressive | the club |  | him *= he* | the next match |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer he=Beneficiary from match=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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