---
title: banyan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «banyan» in the school dictionary: A tropical fig tree from India whose branches drop roots down to the ground, which grow into new trunks so one tree can look like a whole forest. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# banyan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tropical fig tree, ground, one tree, banyan tree, Banyan roots, One banyan · **What happens:** drop, grow, look, spread, hang down, cover · **To what, where:** roots, ground, new trunks, whole village square, branches, huge area

<!-- .vabout -->
«banyan» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [banyan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/banyan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tropical fig tree from India whose branches drop roots down to the ground, which grow into new trunks so one tree can look like a whole forest.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:m1:1
# text = A tropical fig tree from India whose branches drop roots down to the ground, which grow into new trunks so one tree can look like a whole forest.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	fig	fig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	drop	drop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	trunks	trunk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
24	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
26	like	like	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present | a tropical fig tree from India | roots |  | the ground |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent root=Theme to ground=Destination |
| 2 | **grow** | present | the ground |  |  |  |  | into new trunks *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into trunk=Result |
| 3 | **look** | can | one tree |  |  |  |  | like a whole forest | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The banyan tree spread across the whole village square.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x1:1
# text = The banyan tree spread across the whole village square.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | the banyan tree |  |  | the whole village square |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across square=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Banyan roots hang down from the branches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x2:1
# text = Banyan roots hang down from the branches.
1	Banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hang	hang	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang down** | present | Banyan roots |  |  | the branches |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One banyan can cover a huge area.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x3:1
# text = One banyan can cover a huge area.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | can | One banyan | a huge area |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme area=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The banyan is India's national tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x4:1
# text = The banyan is India's national tree.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the banyan | India's national tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children played under the shady banyan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x5:1
# text = Children played under the shady banyan.
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	shady	shady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | Children |  |  | the shady banyan |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A banyan starts life growing on another tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x6:1
# text = A banyan starts life growing on another tree.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | a banyan | life |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Eventuality |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund | life *not said here* |  |  | another tree |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they went to a banyan tree, and stripped the bark to make strings for their slings, and next they repaired to the river bank to find stones.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:banyan:x7:1
# text = So they went to a banyan tree, and stripped the bark to make strings for their slings, and next they repaired to the river bank to find stones.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	banyan	banyan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	stripped	strip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
15	strings	string	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	slings	sling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	next	next	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	repaired	repair	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
30	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | they |  |  | a banyan tree |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to tree=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **strip** | past | they *not said here* | the bark |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* | strings |  |  |  | for strings's slings | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent string=Product for sling=Asset |
| 4 | **repair** | past | strings *= string* |  |  |  |  | to the river bank; next *property* | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **find** | to-infinitive | strings *= string* *not said here* | stones |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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