---
title: barberry — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «barberry» in the school dictionary: A barberry is a prickly bush with small yellow flowers and red berries that taste sour, often grown as a hedge. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# barberry

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**Who acts:** barberry, small yellow flowers, hedge, Red barberries, sheep · **What happens:** be, taste, grow, avoid · **To what, where:** prickly bush, path, prickly barberry

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«barberry» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [barberry in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/barberry.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A barberry is a prickly bush with small yellow flowers and red berries that taste sour, often grown as a hedge.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:barberry:m1:1
# text = A barberry is a prickly bush with small yellow flowers and red berries that taste sour, often grown as a hedge.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	barberry	barberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	prickly	prickly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	taste	taste	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a barberry | a prickly bush |  |  |  | with small yellow flowers and red berries | tree rules |
| 2 | **taste** | present | small yellow flowers and red berries |  |  |  |  | sour *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **grow** | participle | a barberry *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a hedge; often *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hedge was full of barberry bushes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:barberry:x1:1
# text = The hedge was full of barberry bushes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	barberry	barberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the hedge |  |  |  |  | of barberry bushes; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Red barberries grew along the path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:barberry:x2:1
# text = Red barberries grew along the path.
1	Red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	barberries	barberry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Red barberries |  |  | the path |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along path=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sheep avoided the prickly barberry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:barberry:x3:1
# text = The sheep avoided the prickly barberry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	avoided	avoid	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	prickly	prickly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	barberry	barberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avoid** | past | the sheep | the prickly barberry |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent barberry=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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