---
title: basic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «basic» in the school dictionary: Basic means simple and the most important, the first part that everything else is built on: basic facts, basic skills. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# basic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Basic, Basic needs, everyone, things, you, Food · **What happens:** mean, build on, be, have, live, learn · **To what, where:** first part, plain, things, alkaline, basic facts, basic needs

<!-- .vabout -->
«basic» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [basic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/basic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basic means simple and the most important, the first part that everything else is built on: basic facts, basic skills.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:m1:1
# text = Basic means simple and the most important, the first part that everything else is built on: basic facts, basic skills.
1	Basic	Basic	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	else	else	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl:relcl	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Basic |  |  |  |  | simple *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **build on** | present · passive |  | the first part |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basic means plain, without extras: a basic phone, a basic room.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:m2:1
# text = Basic means plain, without extras: a basic phone, a basic room.
1	Basic	Basic	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	extras	extra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Basic | plain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basic needs are things everyone must have to live, like food, water, shelter and safety.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:m3:1
# text = Basic needs are things everyone must have to live, like food, water, shelter and safety.
1	Basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	needs	need	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Basic needs | things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | must | everyone | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | to-infinitive | things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like food and water and shelter and safety | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In chemistry, basic means alkaline, the opposite of acidic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:m4:1
# text = In chemistry, basic means alkaline, the opposite of acidic.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	alkaline	alkaline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	opposite	opposite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	acidic	acidic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | basic | alkaline |  |  |  | in chemistry | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot alkaline=Theme in chemistry=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Learn the basic facts first: 6 × 7 = 42.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x1:1
# text = Learn the basic facts first: 6 × 7 = 42.
1	Learn	learn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
8	×	×	SYM	SYM	_	9	case	_	_
9	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nmod	_	_
10	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	11	case	_	_
11	42	42	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the basic facts |  |  |  | 6 × 7 = 42 *obl*; first *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food, water and shelter are basic needs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x2:1
# text = Food, water and shelter are basic needs.
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	needs	need	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Food and water and shelter | basic needs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned the basics of first aid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x3:1
# text = We learned the basics of first aid.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	basics	basic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We | the basics of first aid |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent basic=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cabin was very basic, with no electricity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x4:1
# text = The cabin was very basic, with no electricity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cabin	cabin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the cabin |  |  |  |  | basic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is a basic phone with no internet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x5:1
# text = This is a basic phone with no internet.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a basic phone |  |  |  | with no internet | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reading is a basic skill for every subject.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x6:1
# text = Reading is a basic skill for every subject.
1	Reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Reading | a basic skill |  |  |  | for every subject | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let's go back to basics and practise adding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x7:1
# text = Let's go back to basics and practise adding.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	basics	basic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	practise	practise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go back** | infinitive | 's *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to basics and practise *result* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to basic=Result |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund | practise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soap is basic, and lemon juice is acidic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basic:x8:1
# text = Soap is basic, and lemon juice is acidic.
1	Soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	lemon	lemon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	acidic	acidic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Soap |  |  |  |  | basic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | lemon juice |  |  |  |  | acidic *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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