---
title: basil — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «basil» in the school dictionary: Basil is a sweet green herb with shiny leaves, used to flavour food, especially tomato dishes and pasta. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# basil

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**Who acts:** Basil, Mum, pot, you · **What happens:** be, use, flavour, put, sit, smell · **To what, where:** sweet green herb, food, fresh basil, pizza, sunny window, leaves

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«basil» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [basil in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/basil.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basil is a sweet green herb with shiny leaves, used to flavour food, especially tomato dishes and pasta.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basil:m1:1
# text = Basil is a sweet green herb with shiny leaves, used to flavour food, especially tomato dishes and pasta.
1	Basil	basil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	flavour	flavour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	dishes	dish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	pasta	pasta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Basil | a sweet green herb |  |  |  | with shiny leaves | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **flavour** | to-infinitive |  | food and tomato dishes and pasta |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum put fresh basil on the pizza.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basil:x1:1
# text = Mum put fresh basil on the pizza.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	basil	basil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | Mum | fresh basil |  | the pizza |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent basil=Theme on pizza=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pot of basil sat in the sunny window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basil:x2:1
# text = The pot of basil sat in the sunny window.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	basil	basil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the pot of basil |  |  | the sunny window |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in window=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Basil smells sweet when you crush the leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basil:x3:1
# text = Basil smells sweet when you crush the leaves.
1	Basil	basil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smells	smell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	crush	crush	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | Basil |  |  |  |  | sweet *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **crush** | present | you | the leaves |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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