---
title: basis — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «basis» in the school dictionary: The main idea, fact or thing that something is built on or starts from. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# basis

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fact, something, Bread, We, detective, basis · **What happens:** build on, start, be, meet, choose, give · **To what, where:** something, basis, weekly basis, suspect, Places, served basis

<!-- .vabout -->
«basis» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [basis in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/basis.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The main idea, fact or thing that something is built on or starts from.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:m1:1
# text = The main idea, fact or thing that something is built on or starts from.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build on** | present · passive | fact or thing *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **start** | present | fact or thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The way or how often something is done (on a daily basis = every day).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:m2:1
# text = The way or how often something is done (on a daily basis = every day).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	done	done	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	daily	daily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	16	punct	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | done, often *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A reason for an opinion or decision (no basis for the rumour).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:m3:1
# text = A reason for an opinion or decision (no basis for the rumour).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bread is the basis of many meals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x1:1
# text = Bread is the basis of many meals.
1	Bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	meals	meal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bread | the basis |  |  |  | of many meals | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We meet on a weekly basis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x2:1
# text = We meet on a weekly basis.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	weekly	weekly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present | We |  |  | a weekly basis |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the basis of the evidence, the detective chose a suspect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x3:1
# text = On the basis of the evidence, the detective chose a suspect.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	detective	detective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	chose	choose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	suspect	suspect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | past | the detective | a suspect |  | the basis of the evidence |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suspect=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is no basis for that rumour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x4:1
# text = There is no basis for that rumour.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | no basis for that rumour |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story was the basis for a famous film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x5:1
# text = The story was the basis for a famous film.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the story | the basis |  |  |  | for a famous film | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Places are given on a first-come, first-served basis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x6:1
# text = Places are given on a first-come, first-served basis.
1	Places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | Places |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | infinitive |  | served basis |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **serve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kindness is the basis of a good friendship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x7:1
# text = Kindness is the basis of a good friendship.
1	Kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Kindness | the basis |  |  |  | of a good friendship | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This appears to be a somewhat insufficient basis for such a conclusion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:basis:x8:1
# text = This appears to be a somewhat insufficient basis for such a conclusion.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	somewhat	somewhat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	12	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | This |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | This *not said here* | a somewhat insufficient basis |  |  |  | for such conclusion | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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