---
title: batter — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «batter» in the school dictionary: Batter is a runny mixture of flour, eggs and milk used to make pancakes, cakes or to coat fried food. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# batter

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Batter, player, waves, you, Huge waves, Fish · **What happens:** be, use, make, fry, try, hit · **To what, where:** runny mixture, eggs, pancakes, player, ball, baseball · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«batter» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [batter in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/batter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Batter is a runny mixture of flour, eggs and milk used to make pancakes, cakes or to coat fried food.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:m1:1
# text = Batter is a runny mixture of flour, eggs and milk used to make pancakes, cakes or to coat fried food.
1	Batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	runny	runny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	mixture	mixture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
15	pancakes	pancake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
21	fried	fry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Batter | a runny mixture |  |  |  | of flour | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | eggs and milk *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | pancakes and cakes or coat and fried food |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pancake=Product |
| 4 | **fry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A batter is the player who tries to hit the ball in baseball, cricket (usually batsman or batter) or rounders.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:m2:1
# text = A batter is the player who tries to hit the ball in baseball, cricket (usually batsman or batter) or rounders.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	tries	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	hit	hit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	baseball	baseball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	batsman	batsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	rounders	rounder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a batter | the player and cricket or rounders |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **try** | present | the player and cricket or rounders |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **hit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the player and cricket or rounders *not said here* | the ball |  | baseball |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent ball=Theme in baseball=Destination |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To batter means to hit hard again and again: waves battered the boat.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:m3:1
# text = To batter means to hit hard again and again: waves battered the boat.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	batter	batter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hit	hit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	battered	batter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **batter** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | again | hard *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **batter** | past | waves | the boat |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mix the pancake batter until it is smooth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x1:1
# text = Mix the pancake batter until it is smooth.
1	Mix	mix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	pancake	pancake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pancake batter |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent batter=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | batter |  |  |  |  | smooth *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pour the batter into the pan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x2:1
# text = Pour the batter into the pan.
1	Pour	pour	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour** | imperative | you *not said here* | the batter |  | the pan |  |  | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent batter=Theme into pan=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The batter hit a home run.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x3:1
# text = The batter hit a home run.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | the batter | a home run |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme run=Co-Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Huge waves battered the cliffs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x4:1
# text = Huge waves battered the cliffs.
1	Huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	battered	batter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **batter** | past | Huge waves | the cliffs |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cliff=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish and chips come in crispy batter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x5:1
# text = Fish and chips come in crispy batter.
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	chips	chip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	crispy	crispy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Fish and chips |  |  | crispy batter |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in batter=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do not eat raw cake batter with raw egg in it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x6:1
# text = Do not eat raw cake batter with raw egg in it.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	raw	raw	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	raw	raw	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | raw cake batter |  |  |  | with raw egg in egg | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent batter=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The batter swung and missed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x7:1
# text = The batter swung and missed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swung	swing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	missed	miss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | past | the batter |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **miss** | past | the batter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old boat was battered by storms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x8:1
# text = The old boat was battered by storms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	battered	batter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **batter** | past · passive | storms | the old boat |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But come, let us get outside before the elephants arrive and batter down the place."

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:batter:x9:1
# text = But come, let us get outside before the elephants arrive and batter down the place."
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	arrive	arrive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	batter	batter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
14	down	down	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **get** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | outside *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **arrive** | present | the elephants |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **batter down** | present | the elephants *not said here* | the place |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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