---
title: bedrock — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bedrock» in the school dictionary: The solid rock that lies under soil and loose rocks. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bedrock

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** solid rock, basic idea, Trust, Reading · **What happens:** lie, depend, build, be, cut down, drill · **To what, where:** soil, solid bedrock, skyscraper, bedrock, river, Workers

<!-- .vabout -->
«bedrock» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bedrock in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bedrock.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The solid rock that lies under soil and loose rocks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:m1:1
# text = The solid rock that lies under soil and loose rocks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | the solid rock |  |  | soil and loose rocks |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under soil=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The basic idea or part that everything else depends on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:m2:1
# text = The basic idea or part that everything else depends on.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	9	nsubj	_	_
8	else	else	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	depends	depend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	on	on	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depend** | present | the basic idea or part |  |  |  |  |  | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Under the soil lies solid bedrock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x1:1
# text = Under the soil lies solid bedrock.
1	Under	under	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present |  | solid bedrock |  | the soil |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bedrock=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skyscraper is built on bedrock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x2:1
# text = The skyscraper is built on bedrock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skyscraper	skyscraper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive |  | the skyscraper |  | bedrock |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on bedrock=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trust is the bedrock of a good team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x3:1
# text = Trust is the bedrock of a good team.
1	Trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Trust | the bedrock |  |  |  | of a good team | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reading is the bedrock of learning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x4:1
# text = Reading is the bedrock of learning.
1	Reading	reading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Reading | the bedrock |  |  |  | of learning | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The river cut down through the bedrock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x5:1
# text = The river cut down through the bedrock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | participle |  | the river *not said here* |  |  |  | through the bedrock | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent through bedrock=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Workers drilled into the bedrock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bedrock:x6:1
# text = Workers drilled into the bedrock.
1	Workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	drilled	drill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drill** | participle |  | Workers *not said here* |  | the bedrock |  |  | vn carve-21.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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