---
title: belfry — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «belfry» in the school dictionary: The tower, or the room at the top of a tower, where church bells hang. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# belfry

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** church bells, Bats, bell ringers, bells, He, Grandad · **What happens:** hang, have, be, live up, climb, ring out · **To what, where:** bats, belfry, steep stairs, village, Pigeons, boy · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«belfry» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [belfry in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/belfry.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tower, or the room at the top of a tower, where church bells hang.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:m1:1
# text = The tower, or the room at the top of a tower, where church bells hang.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
15	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	hang	hang	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | present | church bells |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: idiom — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have bats in the belfry: to be a bit crazy or odd (old-fashioned, jokey).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:m2:1
# text = Have bats in the belfry: to be a bit crazy or odd (old-fashioned, jokey).
1	Have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	crazy	crazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	odd	odd	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	jokey	jokey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present |  | bats |  | the belfry |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bat=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | a bit *obl:unmarked*; crazy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bats lived up in the belfry of the old church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x1:1
# text = Bats lived up in the belfry of the old church.
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live up** | past | Bats |  |  | the belfry of the old church |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in belfry=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bell-ringers climbed the steep stairs to the belfry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x2:1
# text = The bell-ringers climbed the steep stairs to the belfry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ringers	ringer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | the bell ringers | the steep stairs |  |  |  | to the belfry *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient stair=Extent to belfry=Result |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bells in the belfry rang out at noon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x3:1
# text = The bells in the belfry rang out at noon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ring out** | past | the bells in the belfry |  |  |  | noon |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(old-fashioned) "He's got bats in the belfry," said Grandad.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x4:1
# text = (old-fashioned) "He's got bats in the belfry," said Grandad.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
10	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** *in a quote* | present · passive | He | bats |  | the belfry |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bat=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We could see the belfry from the village green.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x5:1
# text = We could see the belfry from the village green.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | We | the belfry |  | the village |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer belfry=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pigeons nested in the belfry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x6:1
# text = Pigeons nested in the belfry.
1	Pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	nested	nest	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nest** | participle |  | Pigeons *not said here* |  | the belfry |  |  | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As soon as the boy reached the belfry, and turned himself round to seize the rope, he saw upon the stairs, near the sounding-hole, a white figure.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:belfry:x7:1
# text = As soon as the boy reached the belfry, and turned himself round to seize the rope, he saw upon the stairs, near the sounding-hole, a white figure.
1	As	as	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	belfry	belfry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obj	_	_
13	round	round	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	seize	seize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
21	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	near	near	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	sounding	sounding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | the boy | the belfry |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent belfry=Theme |
| 2 | **turn** | past | the boy *not said here* | boy |  |  |  | round *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 3 | **seize** | to-infinitive | the boy *not said here* | the rope |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme |
| 4 | **see** | past | boy |  |  |  |  | upon the stairs | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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