---
title: bellow — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bellow» in the school dictionary: To shout something in a very loud, deep voice, often in anger. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bellow

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tool, air, Silence, bull, coach, We · **What happens:** shout, make, pump, burn, bellow, hear · **To what, where:** something, loud deep voice, loud deep roar, air, fire, headmaster

<!-- .vabout -->
«bellow» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bellow in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bellow.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To shout something in a very loud, deep voice, often in anger.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:m1:1
# text = To shout something in a very loud, deep voice, often in anger.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	shout	shout	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | to-infinitive |  | something |  | a loud deep voice |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a bull or large animal: to make a loud, deep roar.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:m2:1
# text = Of a bull or large animal: to make a loud, deep roar.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	roar	roar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a loud deep roar |  |  |  | of a bull or large animal | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset roar=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loud, deep shout or roar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:m3:1
# text = A loud, deep shout or roar.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	shout	shout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	roar	roar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bellows (always plural form): a tool that pumps air into a fire to make it burn hotter.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:m4:1
# text = Bellows (always plural form): a tool that pumps air into a fire to make it burn hotter.
1	Bellows	bellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	pumps	pump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | present | a tool | air |  | a fire |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme into fire=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | a tool *not said here* | air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **burn** | infinitive | air *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Silence!" bellowed the headmaster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x1:1
# text = "Silence!" bellowed the headmaster.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	bellowed	bellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	headmaster	headmaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bellow** | past | Silence | the headmaster |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent headmaster=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bull bellowed across the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x2:1
# text = The bull bellowed across the field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bellowed	bellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bellow** | past | the bull |  |  | the field |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach bellowed instructions from the side of the pitch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x3:1
# text = The coach bellowed instructions from the side of the pitch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bellowed	bellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bellow** | past | the coach | instructions |  | the side of the pitch |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard a bellow of laughter from the kitchen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x4:1
# text = We heard a bellow of laughter from the kitchen.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bellow	bellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | a bellow of laughter |  | the kitchen |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bellow=Topic from kitchen=Source |
| 2 | **bellow** |  | laughter |  |  |  |  |  | nom bellow «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blacksmith pumped the bellows to heat the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x5:1
# text = The blacksmith pumped the bellows to heat the fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blacksmith	blacksmith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pumped	pump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bellows	bellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	heat	heat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | past | the blacksmith | the bellows |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bellow=Theme |
| 2 | **heat** | to-infinitive | the blacksmith *not said here* | the fire |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The giant bellowed so loudly the windows shook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x6:1
# text = The giant bellowed so loudly the windows shook.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bellowed	bellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bellow** | past | the giant |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **shake** | past | the windows |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The herd splashed through the pool he had just left, bellowing till the narrow cut rang.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bellow:x7:1
# text = The herd splashed through the pool he had just left, bellowing till the narrow cut rang.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
3	splashed	splash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	bellowing	bellow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	till	till	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **splash** | participle |  | the herd *not said here* |  | the pool |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through pool=Location |
| 2 | **leave** | past · perfect | herd | the pool *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pool=Theme |
| 3 | **bellow** | gerund | herd *not said here* |  |  |  | till the narrow cut |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **ring** | past | the herd |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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