---
title: beloved — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «beloved» in the school dictionary: Loved very much: a beloved pet, a beloved teacher. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# beloved

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** beloved cat, beloved old teacher, He, gravestone, Paddington, beloved Aphtanides · **What happens:** love, use, start, live, be, retire · **To what, where:** beloved pet, person, wedding, eighteen, we, poems · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«beloved» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [beloved in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/beloved.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Loved very much: a beloved pet, a beloved teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:m1:1
# text = Loved very much: a beloved pet, a beloved teacher.
1	Loved	love	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	much	much	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | participle |  | a beloved pet and a beloved teacher |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, old or poetic — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who is loved, especially a sweetheart.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:m2:1
# text = A person who is loved, especially a sweetheart.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	loved	love	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sweetheart	sweetheart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present · passive |  | a person and a sweetheart |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church, Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Used for people dear to God or to each other, as in «dearly beloved» at the start of a wedding.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:m3:1
# text = Used for people dear to God or to each other, as in «dearly beloved» at the start of a wedding.
1	Used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl:agent	_	_
4	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	dearly	dearly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** |  |  | a wedding |  |  |  |  | nom start «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our beloved cat lived to be eighteen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x1:1
# text = Our beloved cat lived to be eighteen.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	eighteen	eighteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Our beloved cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | eighteen |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beloved old teacher retired this year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x2:1
# text = The beloved old teacher retired this year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	retired	retire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retire** | past | the beloved old teacher |  |  |  | year |  | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dearly beloved, we are gathered here today…

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x3:1
# text = Dearly beloved, we are gathered here today…
1	Dearly	dearly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
7	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
8	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | present · passive |  | we |  | here | today |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wrote poems to his beloved.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x4:1
# text = He wrote poems to his beloved.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	poems	poem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | He | poems | his beloved |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent poem=Topic to beloved=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gravestone said "beloved father and grandfather".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x5:1
# text = The gravestone said "beloved father and grandfather".
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gravestone	gravestone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the gravestone |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paddington is a beloved children's character.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x6:1
# text = Paddington is a beloved children's character.
1	Paddington	Paddington	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Paddington | a beloved children's character |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once our beloved Aphtanides paid us a visit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beloved:x7:1
# text = Once our beloved Aphtanides paid us a visit.
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Aphtanides	Aphtanides	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	visit	visit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | our beloved Aphtanides |  | us |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient visit=Asset |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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