---
title: bereaved — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bereaved» in the school dictionary: Having lost a close family member or friend because they died. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bereaved

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** member, People, one, bereaved family, class, vicar · **What happens:** lose, die, love, thank, make, comfort · **To what, where:** close family member, everyone, cards, funeral, bereaved children, tree

<!-- .vabout -->
«bereaved» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bereaved in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bereaved.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having lost a close family member or friend because they died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:m1:1
# text = Having lost a close family member or friend because they died.
1	Having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund · perfect |  | a close family member or friend |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent member=Eventuality |
| 2 | **die** | past | member |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, the bereaved — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People whose loved one has recently died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:m2:1
# text = People whose loved one has recently died.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | past | People |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **die** | present · perfect | one |  |  |  |  | recently *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bereaved family thanked everyone for their kind messages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x1:1
# text = The bereaved family thanked everyone for their kind messages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	thanked	thank	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | past | the bereaved family | everyone |  |  |  | for their kind messages | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme for message=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class made cards for a bereaved classmate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x2:1
# text = Our class made cards for a bereaved classmate.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our class | cards |  |  |  | for a bereaved classmate | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent card=Product for classmate=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vicar comforted the bereaved at the funeral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x3:1
# text = The vicar comforted the bereaved at the funeral.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vicar	vicar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comforted	comfort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bereaved	bereave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comfort** | past | the vicar |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bereave** | participle | the vicar *not said here* |  |  | the funeral |  |  | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Recently bereaved people may feel sad for a long time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x4:1
# text = Recently bereaved people may feel sad for a long time.
1	Recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | may | bereaved people |  |  |  | time | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The charity helps bereaved children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x5:1
# text = The charity helps bereaved children.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the charity |  | bereaved children |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We should be gentle with someone who is bereaved.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x6:1
# text = We should be gentle with someone who is bereaved.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	bereaved	bereave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | should | We |  |  |  |  | with someone; gentle *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **bereave** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bereaved mother planted a tree in her son's memory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x7:1
# text = The bereaved mother planted a tree in her son's memory.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | the bereaved mother | a tree |  | mother's son's memory |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tree=Theme in memory=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bereaved father and daughter were wild with grief, and they abandoned themselves to their bitter sorrow.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bereaved:x8:1
# text = The bereaved father and daughter were wild with grief, and they abandoned themselves to their bitter sorrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bereaved	bereaved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	abandoned	abandon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bereaved father and daughter |  |  |  |  | with grief; wild *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **abandon** | past | father | father |  | father's bitter sorrow |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme themselves=Source to sorrow=Destination |
| 3 | **sorrow** |  | father |  |  |  |  |  | nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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