---
title: besom — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «besom» in the school dictionary: A broom made of twigs tied to a stick. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# besom

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**Who acts:** witch, witches · **What happens:** make, tie, fly off, rode · **To what, where:** broom, twigs, besom, old besom

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«besom» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [besom in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/besom.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

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Usage: old use, in fairy tales — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A broom made of twigs tied to a stick.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:besom:m1:1
# text = A broom made of twigs tied to a stick.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	broom	broom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	twigs	twig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a broom *not said here* |  |  |  | of twigs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **tie** | participle |  | twigs *not said here* |  |  |  | to a stick | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to stick=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witch flew off on her besom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:besom:x1:1
# text = The witch flew off on her besom.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	besom	besom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly off** | past | the witch |  |  | witch's besom |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent on besom=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some witches rode on an old besom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:besom:x2:1
# text = Some witches rode on an old besom.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rode	rode	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	besom	besom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rode** | present | some witches |  |  | a old besom |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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