---
title: beware — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «beware» in the school dictionary: Be careful of something or someone because it could be dangerous or harmful. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# beware

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, it, sign, emails, old woman, Swimmers · **What happens:** be, beware, say, fall, ask, offer · **To what, where:** dark forest, sweets, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«beware» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [beware in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/beware.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be careful of something or someone because it could be dangerous or harmful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:m1:1
# text = Be careful of something or someone because it could be dangerous or harmful.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	conj	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
11	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of something; careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | could | it |  |  |  |  | dangerous *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A warning word on signs and in stories, as in «Beware of the dog».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:m2:1
# text = A warning word on signs and in stories, as in «Beware of the dog».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of the dog | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beware of the dog!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x1:1
# text = Beware of the dog!
1	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the dog | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign said, «Beware of falling rocks».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x2:1
# text = The sign said, «Beware of falling rocks».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	amod	_	_
9	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the sign |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **beware** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of falling rocks | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **fall** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beware of emails that ask for your password.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x3:1
# text = Beware of emails that ask for your password.
1	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ask	ask	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	password	password	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of emails | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | emails |  |  |  |  | for your password | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Beware the dark forest,» said the old woman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x4:1
# text = «Beware the dark forest,» said the old woman.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the dark forest |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the old woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swimmers should beware of strong currents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x5:1
# text = Swimmers should beware of strong currents.
1	Swimmers	swimmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	beware	beware	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	currents	current	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | should | Swimmers |  |  |  |  | of strong currents | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beware of strangers who offer you sweets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x6:1
# text = Beware of strangers who offer you sweets.
1	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	offer	offer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	sweets	sweet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of strangers | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **offer** | present | strangers | sweets | you |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent you=Goal sweet=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beware, the floor is wet and slippery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x7:1
# text = Beware, the floor is wet and slippery.
1	Beware	beware	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	slippery	slippery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beware** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | the floor |  |  |  |  | wet *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the floor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And a second time I will forgive you; but the third time beware!

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:beware:x8:1
# text = And a second time I will forgive you; but the third time beware!
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	beware	beware	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forgive** | future | I | you |  |  | time |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 2 | **beware** | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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