---
title: bewilderment — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bewilderment» in the school dictionary: Bewilderment is a state of being confused and not understanding what is going on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bewilderment

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**Who acts:** Bewilderment, old man, face · **What happens:** be, not understand, go on, lose, stand, show · **To what, where:** state, Urashima, bewilderment, sudden news

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«bewilderment» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bewilderment in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bewilderment.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bewilderment is a state of being confused and not understanding what is going on.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bewilderment:m1:1
# text = Bewilderment is a state of being confused and not understanding what is going on.
1	Bewilderment	bewilderment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
7	confused	confused	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	understanding	understand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	obj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bewilderment | a state |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | confused *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **understand** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
| 4 | **go on** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Urashima was lost in bewilderment and trouble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bewilderment:x1:1
# text = Urashima was lost in bewilderment and trouble.
1	Urashima	Urashima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bewilderment	bewilderment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past · passive |  | Urashima |  | bewilderment and trouble |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old man stood in bewilderment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bewilderment:x2:1
# text = The old man stood in bewilderment.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bewilderment	bewilderment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the old man |  |  | bewilderment |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bewilderment=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her face showed bewilderment at the sudden news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bewilderment:x3:1
# text = Her face showed bewilderment at the sudden news.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bewilderment	bewilderment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | Her face | bewilderment |  | the sudden news |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent bewilderment=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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