---
title: bivouac — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bivouac» in the school dictionary: A simple, temporary camp, often without a tent, made by soldiers or mountain climbers. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bivouac

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, soldiers, scout group, He, bivouac · **What happens:** make, camp, build, bivouac, set up, sleep · **To what, where:** tent, camp, bivouac, sticks, climbers, ledge

<!-- .vabout -->
«bivouac» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bivouac in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bivouac.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A simple, temporary camp, often without a tent, made by soldiers or mountain climbers.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:m1:1
# text = A simple, temporary camp, often without a tent, made by soldiers or mountain climbers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	temporary	temporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a tent *not said here* |  |  |  | by soldiers or mountain climbers | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To camp outside for the night in such a camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:m2:1
# text = To camp outside for the night in such a camp.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	camp	camp	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	10	det:predet	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **camp** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | such camp | night | outside *property* | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in camp=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bivvy (bivvy bag), a small waterproof shelter for one person.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:m3:1
# text = A bivvy (bivvy bag), a small waterproof shelter for one person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bivvy	bivvy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	bivvy	bivvy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	waterproof	waterproof	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We built a bivouac out of sticks and leaves in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x1:1
# text = We built a bivouac out of sticks and leaves in the woods.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bivouac	bivouac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | We | a bivouac |  | sticks and leaves |  | in the woods | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bivouac=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climbers bivouacked on a ledge halfway up the mountain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x2:1
# text = The climbers bivouacked on a ledge halfway up the mountain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climbers	climber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	bivouacked	bivouac	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ledge	ledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	halfway	halfway	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bivouac** | participle |  | the climbers *not said here* |  | a ledge |  | up the mountain | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soldiers set up a bivouac by the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x3:1
# text = The soldiers set up a bivouac by the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bivouac	bivouac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set up** | present | the soldiers | a bivouac |  |  |  | by the river | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bivouac=Theme by river=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our scout group slept in bivouacs for one night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x4:1
# text = Our scout group slept in bivouacs for one night.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	scout	scout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	slept	sleep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bivouacs	bivouac	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | past | Our scout group |  |  | bivouacs | night |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in bivouac=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He carries a bivvy bag in case he gets stuck on the hills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x5:1
# text = He carries a bivvy bag in case he gets stuck on the hills.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	bivvy	bivvy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	gets	get	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	stuck	stick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | He | a bivvy bag |  | case |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bag=Value in case=Location |
| 2 | **stick** | present · passive |  | he |  | the hills |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on hill=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bivouac kept out most of the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bivouac:x6:1
# text = The bivouac kept out most of the rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bivouac	bivouac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep out** | participle | the bivouac | most of the rain |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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