---
title: blind — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «blind» in the school dictionary: Blind means not able to see. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# blind

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Blind, someone, covering, his, bright light, blind man · **What happens:** mean, see, be, pull down, keep out, not notice · **To what, where:** covering, window, light, it, me, blinds · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«blind» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [blind in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/blind.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Blind means not able to see.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:m1:1
# text = Blind means not able to see.
1	Blind	blind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Blind |  |  |  |  | able *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Blind *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To blind someone is to stop them seeing, for a short time or for ever.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:m2:1
# text = To blind someone is to stop them seeing, for a short time or for ever.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | stop *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | gerund | someone *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bright light blinded me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:m2e:1
# text = The bright light blinded me.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blinded	blind	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blind** | past | the bright light | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A blind is a covering that you pull down over a window to keep out light.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:m3:1
# text = A blind is a covering that you pull down over a window to keep out light.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	pull	pull	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a blind | a covering |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pull down** | present | a covering |  |  | a window |  | down *property* | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **keep out** | to-infinitive | a covering *not said here* | light |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Blind to something means not noticing it: blind to his mistakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:m4:1
# text = Blind to something means not noticing it: blind to his mistakes.
1	Blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	noticing	notice	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	ccomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | blind something | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **notice** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **mistake** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blind man walked with a guide dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x1:1
# text = The blind man walked with a guide dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	guide	guide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | the blind man |  |  |  |  | with a guide dog | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Braille helps blind people read.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x2:1
# text = Braille helps blind people read.
1	Braille	braille	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	read	read	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Braille |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **read** | present | blind people |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Close the blinds, the sun is in my eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x3:1
# text = Close the blinds, the sun is in my eyes.
1	Close	close	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	blinds	blind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | imperative | you *not said here* | the blinds and my eyes |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blind=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | the sun |  |  | my eyes |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bright light blinded me for a moment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x4:1
# text = The bright light blinded me for a moment.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blinded	blind	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blind** | past | the bright light | me |  |  | moment |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moles are almost blind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x5:1
# text = Moles are almost blind.
1	Moles	mole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Moles |  |  |  |  | almost, blind *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played blind man's buff with a blindfold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x6:1
# text = We played blind man's buff with a blindfold.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	buff	buff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	blindfold	blindfold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | blind man's buff |  |  |  | with a blindfold | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent buff=Theme with blindfold=Co-Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher turned a blind eye to our talking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x7:1
# text = The teacher turned a blind eye to our talking.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	talking	talking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the teacher | a blind eye |  | our talking |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent eye=Theme to talking=Trajectory |
| 2 | **talk** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom talking «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drivers have a blind spot behind the car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:blind:x8:1
# text = Drivers have a blind spot behind the car.
1	Drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Drivers | a blind spot |  | the car |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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