---
title: bobtail — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «bobtail» in the school dictionary: A short tail, or a tail that has been cut short. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# bobtail

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bobtail, neighbour, Manx cat, bobtail squid, horse, bobtail dog · **What happens:** cut, call, bounce, run, have, glow · **To what, where:** tail, Old English Sheepdog, white bobtail, fluffy bobtail sheepdog, bobtail, dark sea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«bobtail» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [bobtail in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/bobtail.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A short tail, or a tail that has been cut short.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:m1:1
# text = A short tail, or a tail that has been cut short.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present · perfect · passive |  | a tail |  |  |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An animal with a short tail, such as a bobtail cat or a rabbit.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:m2:1
# text = An animal with a short tail, such as a bobtail cat or a rabbit.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Old English Sheepdog, a big shaggy dog, is often called a «bobtail».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:m3:1
# text = The Old English Sheepdog, a big shaggy dog, is often called a «bobtail».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Sheepdog	sheepdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	shaggy	shaggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the Old English Sheepdog and a big shaggy dog |  |  |  | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rabbit's white bobtail bounced as it ran.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x1:1
# text = The rabbit's white bobtail bounced as it ran.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	bounced	bounce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bounce** | participle |  | the rabbit's white bobtail *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | past | bobtail |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our neighbour has a fluffy bobtail sheepdog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x2:1
# text = Our neighbour has a fluffy bobtail sheepdog.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sheepdog	sheepdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our neighbour | a fluffy bobtail sheepdog |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheepdog=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Manx cat has a bobtail or no tail at all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x3:1
# text = A Manx cat has a bobtail or no tail at all.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Manx	manx	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a Manx cat | a bobtail or no tail at all |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bobtail=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bobtail squid glows in the dark sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x4:1
# text = The bobtail squid glows in the dark sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	glows	glow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | present | the bobtail squid |  |  | the dark sea |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse had a bobtail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x5:1
# text = The horse had a bobtail.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the horse | a bobtail |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bobtail=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bobtail dog shook water all over us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x6:1
# text = The bobtail dog shook water all over us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bobtail	bobtail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | past | the bobtail dog | water |  |  |  | over us | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme over we=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deer flash their bobtails as a warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:bobtail:x7:1
# text = Deer flash their bobtails as a warning.
1	Deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	flash	flash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bobtails	bobtail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flash** | present | Deer | Deer's bobtails |  |  |  | as a warning | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bobtail=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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