---
title: borrower — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «borrower» in the school dictionary: A person who borrows something, such as a book from a library. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# borrower

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, borrower, Borrowers · **What happens:** borrow, pay back, take out, live, return, pay · **To what, where:** something, money, bank, five books, loan, floorboards

<!-- .vabout -->
«borrower» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [borrower in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/borrower.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who borrows something, such as a book from a library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:m1:1
# text = A person who borrows something, such as a book from a library.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	borrows	borrow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | present | a person | something |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person or business that borrows money from a bank and must pay it back, often with extra (interest).

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:m2:1
# text = A person or business that borrows money from a bank and must pay it back, often with extra (interest).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	borrows	borrow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
12	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	back	back	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
20	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | present | a person or business | money |  | a bank |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent money=Theme from bank=Source |
| 2 | **pay back** | must | a person or business | money |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each borrower can take out five books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x1:1
# text = Each borrower can take out five books.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take out** | can | each borrower | five books |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The borrower must pay back the loan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x2:1
# text = The borrower must pay back the loan.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay back** | must | the borrower | the loan |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loan=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Borrowers live under the floorboards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x3:1
# text = The Borrowers live under the floorboards.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Borrowers	borrower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	floorboards	floorboard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | the Borrowers |  |  | the floorboards |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under floorboard=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borrowers who return books late pay a fine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x4:1
# text = Borrowers who return books late pay a fine.
1	Borrowers	borrower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | present | Borrowers | books |  |  |  | late *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |
| 2 | **pay** | present | Borrowers | a fine |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A borrower took 100 pounds and paid back 110.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x5:1
# text = A borrower took 100 pounds and paid back 110.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	110	110	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | a borrower | 100 pounds |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Theme |
| 2 | **pay back** | past | a borrower *not said here* | 110 |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 110=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every borrower needs a library card.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borrower:x6:1
# text = Every borrower needs a library card.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | every borrower | a library card |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot card=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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