---
title: borscht — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «borscht» in the school dictionary: Borscht is a sour soup, usually red from beetroot, eaten in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# borscht

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Borscht, Baba, We, Ukrainian family, I · **What happens:** be, eat, make, serve, have, blow · **To what, where:** sour soup, Ukraine, It, best borscht, world, borscht

<!-- .vabout -->
«borscht» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [borscht in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/borscht.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borscht is a sour soup, usually red from beetroot, eaten in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:m1:1
# text = Borscht is a sour soup, usually red from beetroot, eaten in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries.
1	Borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	beetroot	beetroot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
17	Eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Borscht | a sour soup |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | participle |  | a sour soup *not said here* |  | Ukraine and other Eastern European countries |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is often made with cabbage, potatoes, meat and beans and served with sour cream and dill.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:m2:1
# text = It is often made with cabbage, potatoes, meat and beans and served with sour cream and dill.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cabbage	cabbage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	beans	bean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	dill	dill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | with cabbage and potatoes and meat and beans; often *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **serve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with sour cream and dill | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent with cream=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baba makes the best borscht in the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x1:1
# text = Baba makes the best borscht in the world.
1	Baba	Baba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Baba | the best borscht |  | the world |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent borscht=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borscht is red because of the beetroot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x2:1
# text = Borscht is red because of the beetroot.
1	Borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beetroot	beetroot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Borscht |  |  |  |  | because the beetroot; red *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had borscht with sour cream and bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x3:1
# text = We had borscht with sour cream and bread.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | borscht |  |  |  | with sour cream and bread | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent borscht=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Green borscht is made with sorrel leaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x4:1
# text = Green borscht is made with sorrel leaves.
1	Green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	sorrel	sorrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Green borscht |  |  |  | with sorrel leaves | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every Ukrainian family has its own borscht recipe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x5:1
# text = Every Ukrainian family has its own borscht recipe.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | every Ukrainian family | family's own borscht recipe |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recipe=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The borscht was so hot I blew on every spoonful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:borscht:x6:1
# text = The borscht was so hot I blew on every spoonful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	spoonful	spoonful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the borscht |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **blow** | past | I |  |  | every spoonful |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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